猪粪堆肥快速发酵菌剂及工艺控制参数初步研究

采用L（934）正交设计在模拟发酵池中研究了辅料配比（秸秆添加量梯度为5%、7.5%、10%）、物料含水量（梯度为40%、50%、60%）、通风量（通风时长为10、20、30min）以及外源菌剂（空白、BN1菌剂、EM菌剂）等因素对猪粪堆肥效果的影响。其中BN1为课题组自制菌剂,在测定了菌种纤维素酶活性的基础上,作为外源菌剂接种猪粪堆肥。通过监测堆肥过程中各处理的温度变化,测定堆肥样品总养分含量、堆肥结束后的C/N,并进行感官分析等对堆肥效果进行加权评分。结果表明,猪粪堆肥最佳环境控制参数为秸秆添加量为5%,通风量为每立方米物料102m^3·d^-1,物料含水量60%,自制菌剂BN1能促进猪粪堆肥快速发酵。

Microbial Agents and the Optimum Control Parameters for Pig Manure Composting

This thesis mainly studied the microbial agents and the optimum control parameters for pig manure composting. BN1 was a microorganisms agent with mixed microbes：DZ1, DZ2, GX3 and DX2 which were selected by author from piggery wastes in Beijing areas, as well as Coriolus versicolor Quel. and Penicilium chrysogenum Thom. Based on the determination of the cellulase activity of all the microbes which proved to be high, the orthogonal composting test was carried out in simulated fermentation tanks to study the effects of different parameters such as ratio of auxiliary material, aeration rate, initial water content and microbial agents on pig manure composting to optimize the composting process. Straw was chosen as auxiliary material with the addition ratio of 5%, 7.5% and 10%. The aeration rates were ranked to 10 min, 20 min and 30 min. Meanwhile, the initial water contents were 40%, 50% and 60%. Microbial agents were EM and BN1, with non-microbial inoculation as blank control. According to the synthetically analysis of composting effects by weighted mark method involved with the changes of temperature during composting, total nutrient content, C/N and sensory analysis, the optimum condition of pig manure composting were obtained as follows：rate of straw addition was 5%, air-flow was 102 m^3·d^-1 per cubic meter, water content of compost materials was 60%, and microbe was BN1.