猪粪比例对烟草废弃物高温堆肥腐熟进程的影响

以烟草废弃物为基本原料进行堆肥试验，研究了不同比例猪粪与烟草废弃物混合堆肥体系中温度、pH、全氮、C/N比、水溶性NH＋4-N和种子发芽指数（GI，germination index）的动态变化规律，探讨了不同猪粪比例对烟草废弃物高温堆肥腐熟进程的影响。结果表明，在烟草废弃物中加入猪粪能缩短进入高温分解阶段的时间，增加高温分解持续时间，增加全氮含量，加快物料NH＋4-N和C/N比降低的速率，加快烟草废弃物堆肥腐熟化进程。添加一定比例猪粪的处理（烟草废弃物∶猪粪=7∶3、烟草废弃物∶猪粪=8∶2和烟草废弃物∶猪粪=9∶1），分别在堆肥第3、4、5 d进入高温分解阶段（〉50 ℃），高温持续时间分别为11、10、8 d；而纯烟草废弃物处理，最高温度为43 ℃，未进入高温分解阶段；至堆肥26 d，NH＋4-N含量分别比纯烟草废弃物对照降低47.7%、61.9%和25.6%；GI分别达到81.4%、84.1%和83.7%。

Effect of Swine Manure on High-Temperature Compost Maturity of Tobacco Fine Waste

Swine manure contains high content of nitrogen, which is a cheap and good nitrogen source. High temperature composting experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of swine manure on tobacco fine waste composting processes and maturity and its optimal formula for the compost. The experiment design consisted of 4 treatments with 10：0,9：1,8：2 and 7：3 ratio of tobacco fine waste and swine manure. The dynamical changes of temperature, the contents of total-nitrogen （T-N） and water-soluble ammonium （ NH2-N ）, carbon （C）/N ratio, seed germination index（ GI ） in the composting process of the different composting treatments were measured periodically. The results showed that adding swine manure shortened the time of reaching high temperature（〉50℃） and extended the high temperature sustaining time; increased total-N and Gl, accelerated the reduction rate of NH2-N, C/N ratio and the composting process and maturity. The highest temperatures were 43 ℃ and 58 ℃, 60 ℃, 52 ℃ in pure tobacco fine compost and the compost with swine manure treatments, respectively. The times of reaching high temperature（ 〉50 ℃ ） in the compost treatments of adding swine manure（9：1-7：3 ratio） were 3 d, 4 d and 5 d, respectively and the high temperature decomposing durations were 11 d, 10 d and 8 d, respectively. After 26 days, the NH4＋-N contents in the compost treatments with swine manure were decreased by 47.7%, 61.9% and 25.6% compared to the pure tobacco fine compost treatment, and the GI reached 81.4%, 84.1% and 83.7%, respectively.