渭北地区冬小麦的有限灌溉与水分利用研究

采用越冬前、拔节、抽穗和灌浆4个灌水时期和每次60与120mm两个灌水量的组合设计,在大田条件下对冬小麦的灌水量与耗水量、产量、水分利用效率(WUE)以及灌水效率(IUE)和有限灌溉的下限与适宜的灌水时期进行了小区试验研究,并建立了冬小麦产量与耗水以及WUE与耗水的回归数学模型.试验结果表明,冬小麦在渭北地区的耗水量与产量和WUE之间均呈现非线性关系;满足最大产量时所需的补充灌水量约为180～220mm;满足WUE最大时的补充灌水量为60～80mm.研究结果还显示,在底墒良好的条件下,拔节期60mm的有限

The Study of Limited Irrigation on the Winter Wheat and Water Utilization

The combination design of the four irrigation periods,including winter,jointing,heading and grain filling stages,and two irrigation amounts of 60 mm and 120 mm for each,were used in this winter wheat field experiment.The relationship among irrigation amounts,evapotranspiration,water use efficiency of wheat and optimum water supplementary supply as well as suitable limited irrigation periods have been studied.According to the relations between water consumption and grain yields,as well as water consumption and water use efficiency,the mathematical regression models have been set up.The results showed that in the Weibei areas,the supplementary irrigation amount to meet with maximum yield of winter wheat was about 180～220 mm; and limited irrigation amount to satisfy highest crop water use efficiency was about 60～80 mm; under the good water conditions during seedling establishment of winter wheat,when the 60 mm of limited irrigation water was supplied in the jointing period,grain yield,water use efficiency and irrigation efficiency were much improved synchronously; during the winter and jointing periods,supplement 60 mm irrigation water separately,was able to increase seedling growth and development,and also to improve water utilization markedly.