新西兰进境动物卫生标准体系研究与应用

目前应用进口动物卫生标准来管控国门生物安全的国家极少。我国进境动物卫生标准体系建设尚属空白。新西兰是全球制定进境动物卫生标准最早最全的国家。本文研究了新西兰进境动物卫生标准体系的科学管理、核心内容和主要特征,进口许可、动物及安全要求、出口前隔离检疫、入境口岸检疫和隔离检疫清关、兽医证书和随动物同行的证单要求等构成标准的核心内容,标准有强制性、法定性和权威性、系统性、可操性、及时性、易获取等特征。在比较分析我国进境动物检疫监管特征及问题基础上,创新提出借鉴新西兰进境动物卫生标准体系,制订我国进境动物卫生标准的建议并明确其法律地位,阐述了我国进境动物标准的编制原则、体系构成、基本框架、核心内容和主要措施。

Research and Application of the Import Health Standard System for Entry Animals in New Zealand

The import health standard system for animals has been rarely used in controlling bio-safety in gateway of a country in the world,which has been also in blank in China.Actually,the standard was fully formulated first in New Zealand.In this paper,the scientific management,key contents and main characteristics of the import health standard system in New Zealand were studied,especially its key contents that consisted of import permit,eligibility and safety requirements on animals,pre-export quarantine,inspection and quarantine at entry port and biosecurity clearance,veterinary certificates and other documents accompanying animals.It was found that the standard was with many advantages,including enforceablility,legality and authority,systematization,maneuverability timeliness,and accessibility,etc.As compared with the characteristics of supervision and quarantine towards imported animals and relevant questions in China,it was innovatively suggested that the import health standard system should be formulated in China with reference to that in New Zealand,and its legal status should be defined.In addition,the preparation principles,structure,general framework,key contents and main measures in china's system were stated so as to contribute to the construction of the import health standard system with Chinese characteristics.