Effect of synthetic auxins on fruit size of five cultivars of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) |
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Authors: | Raphael A Stern Moshe Flaishman Ruth Ben-Arie |
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Institution: | 1. MIGAL, Galilee Technology Center, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat-Shmona 11016, Israel;2. Institute of Horticulture, ARO, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel;3. Fruit Storage Research Laboratory, Kiryat Shmona, Israel |
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Abstract: | Most of the Japanese plum (Prunus salicina) cultivars grown in Israel produce relatively small fruit. Application of 2 l solution tree−1 of 25 mg l−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxypropionic acid (2,4-DP) as butoxyethyl ester (Power™), 15 mg l−1 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyloxyacetic acid (3,5,6-TPA) as free acid (Maxim®), or 25 mg l−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) + 30 mg l−1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.3% Amigo™) at the beginning of pit-hardening, when fruitlet diameter was ca. 22 mm, caused an appreciable and significant increase in fruit size. The yield of large fruit per cv.: ‘Kesselmen’ (100% increase), ‘Songold’ (100%), ‘Black Diamond’ (800%), ‘Royal Diamond’ (160%) and ‘Royal Zee’ (100%). As a result, the total yield of all five cultivars was also increased dramatically. Anatomical studies with ‘Songold’ revealed that the main effect of these synthetic auxins was via direct stimulation of fruit cell enlargement. The above auxins had no negative effect either on fruit quality at harvest (and after 1 week in shelf-life), or on return yield in the following year. |
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Keywords: | Auxins Plum Fruit size Prunus salicina Lindl |
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