三叶鬼针草生长观测及饲喂家兔的效果研究

[目的]观测三叶鬼针草的生长情况并研究用其饲喂家兔的效果,为有效控制和合理利用三叶鬼针草及开发新的家兔饲料资源提供科学依据。[方法]以自然状态下生长的三叶鬼针草为观测对象,粉碎制备成干草粉,测定其营养成分,用基础饲料+30%三叶鬼针草,并与添加30%的紫花苜蓿作对照进行家兔对照饲养试验,研究三叶鬼针草的生长规律、产草量、营养价值及配料喂兔的饲养效果。[结果]结果表明,三叶鬼针草种子发芽率高,返青及种子发芽所需的温度低,早于其他草种,在竞争中占优势。对2处野生的三叶鬼针草经2年测产,总产鲜草量平均为74 415 kg/(hm2.a),折合干草为11 311 kg/(hm2.a)。三叶鬼针草草粉含水分10.8%,粗蛋白15.6%。试验组、对照组各8只家兔的总增重分别为2 1702、005 g,通过F检验,组间的增重差异不显著。[结论]三叶鬼针草自播力强,早期生长快,产量极高,已成为侵占力极强的害草之一。但其营养价值较高,喂兔适口性好,完全可以代替苜蓿草喂肉兔,作为家兔饲料值得开发。

Observation on the Growth of Bidens pilosa L.and Study on the Effects of Feeding Rabbit

[Objective] The research aimed to observe the growth of Bidens pilosa L.and study the effects of feeding rabbit,providing a scientific basis for controlling effectively,making use of Bidens pilosa L.and exploiting the new resource of feedstuff for rabbit.[Method] The Bidens pilosa L.growing in the field was crushed up to make into powder,then measured out its nutrient component. The authors used basal diet adding 30% Bidens pilosa L.to make test,meanwhile,took the treatment adding 30% Medicago sativa as control.The growth rhythm,output,nutrient value of Bidens pilosa L.and its effects on making feedstuff for rabbit were studied.[Result] The results showed that the seed germination percentage of Bidens pilosa L.was high.The need temperature of recovery from transplanting and seed germination were low.So Bidens pilosa L.had more precocious germination than other grass.2 years average fresh yield of wild Bidens pilosa L.growing in 2 place was 74 415 kg/(hm2·a),converting into hay yield 11 311 kg/(hm2·a).The powder of Bidens pilosa L.was composed of 10.8% water and 15.6% rough protein.The test groups and control groups containing 8 rabbits in each group gained in weight 2 170,2 005 g respectively.There was no remarkable difference between the two groups through F-test.[Conclusion] Although Bidens pilosa L.had strong self-sown ability,grow fast,and high output,became one of the deleterious grass,its high nutrient value and dainty for rabbit had replaced of Medicago sativa.It was worth of exploitation as a new feedstuff for rabbit.