一例朱鹮雏鸟皮下气肿的诊治

动物皮下气肿成因复杂,鸟类(禽类)的皮下气肿常见于体内气囊破裂所致。德清县珍稀动物繁育研究中心2012年首次出现了1例人工饲养的朱鹮雏鸟在15日龄时发生皮下气肿。该气肿位于右侧大腿处,内部充气,气泡内未见其他病变。根据其临床症状,推测可能是由于患雏与其他雏鸟嬉戏打斗过度的充气,或受到撞击等原因使气囊破裂。诊断为右侧腹或后胸气囊破裂,引发皮下气肿。鉴于临床上穿刺排气效果不显著,以及开创排气易引起细菌感染等因素,本病例采用了自然恢复的治疗方式,将患雏转入安静环境,避免外界干扰,加强防护,减少剧烈运动,实行隔离饲养等措施,15日后气肿变小,25日后气肿消失。该病例的诊治及病因的推测,为珍稀鸟类临床上该病的防治提供了方法。

Diagnosis and Treatment of Subcutaneous Emphysema in an Endangered Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon

Various factors can lead to subcutaneous emphysema in animals, but for birds, balloon rupture is the predominant cause. A 15 -day -old Crested Ibis nestling, raised in the Wildlife Center for Artificial Breeding in Deqing County, first con- tracted subcutaneous emphysema in 2012. The symptom of subcutaneous emphysema on the right thigh was an air pocket in the skin with no other pathological changes. The clinical symptoms showed that the subcutaneous emphysema resulted from the rup- ture of the right air sac of the respiratory system of the Crested Ibis nestling. This was probably caused by trauma inflicted dur- ing fighting or playing with other nestlings. The diagnosis showed that rupture of air sac in the right side abdomen or in the dor- sal chest area likely resulted in the subcutaneous emphysema. We did not treat the disease by puncturing the sac air because this was considered inefficient and would make the nestling venerable to bacterial infection. We implemented a natural recovery treatment in a quiet environment with little disturbance, good protection, moderate movement, and at a site separate from other nestlings. The severity of the subcutaneous emphysema declined after 15 days and disappeared after 25 days. The method of diagnosis and treatment of subcutaneous emphysema could be applied to similar diseases among other rare birds.