玉米分子育种研究进展

玉米我国最重要的禾谷类作物之一。尽管传统育种技术在作物遗传改良方面取得了显著成就,但已不能满足当前玉米生产对优良品种的需求。随着生物技术的发展,分子育种已经成为玉米育种的重要研究方向。本文扼要总结了分子育种学形成的背景;分子育种的主要研究内容;转基因玉米的主要种类;分子标记的主要类型。综述了国内外玉米产量、农艺、品质、生物和非生物抗性等性状QTL定位的有关结果,及其在育种中的应用;简介了关联分析和功能分子标记的概念,基于比较基因组学和生物信息开发分子标记的策略。

Progress of molecular breeding in maize

Maize is one of most important cereal crops in China.Although conventional maize breeding has made a great contribution to increasing maize production,it has not fully satisfied the demand of elite hybrids.With the development of biotechnology,molecular breeding has become an important direction in maize breeding.In this paper,the backgrounds of molecular breeding,major research areas,the types of transgenic maize,and molecular marker techniques were briefly summarized.The mapping results of QTL associated with grain yield,agronomic,qualitative,biotic,and abiotic tolerance traits were reviewed as well as their applications.The concepts of association analysis and functional markers,and strategies of developing functional markers based on comparative genetics and bio-information were also introduced.