广东山区3种不同人工林林下植物多样性初步研究

人工林林下植物多样性发展有利于提高人工林地力、维持群落健康和提高生态系统的稳定性。应用样方调查法,比较研究了广东山区马尾松林、湿地松林和杉木林等3种人工针叶林群落的林下植物多样性。结果表明,杉木林的林下植物丰富度较高,共记录了138种林下植物;马尾松林次之,林下植物共有135种;湿地松林的林下植物种类最少,仅53种。物种多样性指数总的变化趋势为杉木林>马尾松林>湿地松林。3种人工林群落之间的相似性系数均较低,表明这些人工林群落的林下植物种类差异明显。基于以上研究结果,文章探讨了影响人工林植物多样性的主要因素和提高人工林植物多样性的途径。

Preliminary Study on Understory Species Diversity of Three Types of =Plantations in Mountainous Area of Guangdong

The undergrowth species diversity can enhance the site productivity of timber plantations, health of communities and stability of forest ecosystem. The undergrowth species diversity of three plantation types, Pinus massoniana plantation, P. elliottii plantationand Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in mountainous area of Guangdong were studied by plot investigation. The results showed that the undergrowth species were the richest in C. lanceolata plantation （ 138 species）, followed by that of P. massoniana plantation （ 135 species）, and the least was in P. eUiottii plantation （only 53 species）. The order of species diversity indices for three plantation types was C. lanceolata plantation 〉 P. massoniana plantation 〉 P. elliottii plantation. The similarity coefficient between different types of plantations was low, suggesting that species in the understory were significantly different among those plantations. Furthermore, the major factors influencing the floristic diversity of the plantations and different measures to improve the species diversity of plantations were also discussed.