月季种质资源花色多样性及其与花青苷的关系

利用CIE Lab测色体系对227个月季种质资源进行聚类分类,将月季花色均匀地分为7个色系。在a*和b*二维图上,各类花色只有第Ⅲ象限没有分布,即月季中没有蓝色花;根据227个被测品种的彩度值(C*)与亮度值(L*)二维分布图,可将其分为3大类群。大部分种质资源的亮度(L*)与彩度(C*)表现为负相关,分别为以白色和黄色为主的第1类群和以粉色、大部分玫红色、紫红色和橙红色第2类群;但在包括深红色和部分玫红色资源的第3类群中,L*与C*呈正相关关系。HPLC测定结果发现,6种花青苷在101份试验材料中均被检测到,其中含量贡献最大的是矢车菊素–3,5–双葡萄糖苷(Cy3G5G)和天竺葵–3,5–双葡萄糖苷(Pg3G5G);随着花瓣颜色的加深,其花青苷种类和含量也相应地增加,其中第3类群花青苷含量远大于其他两个类群。上述结果表明,月季种质资源存在丰富的花色多样性。进一步的相关性分析发现,6种花青苷总含量(TA)与L*呈负相关关系;与第1、2类群的a*或C*正相关,但在第3类群中呈现负相关。第1类群花青苷与测色参数L*、a*、b*、C*不存在相关性;第2类群中两类Pg花青苷与a*、b*、C*均存在显著正相关,但与L*无显著相关,表明Pg类花青苷只影响花瓣颜色;在第3类群中,只有含量最高的花青苷Cy3G5G与L*、a*、C*存在显著负相关关系,表明Cy3G5G含量的增加既减弱了花瓣亮度也降低了其彩度。

The Diversity of Petal Colors and Its Relation to Anthocyanins in Rose Germplasms

The petal colors of 227 rose germplasms were classified into 7 color series by CIE Lab color system.In the two-dimensional quadrant map of a* and b*,petal colors of germplasms were mainly distributed in the Ⅰ,Ⅱ,ⅣV quadrant except the Ⅲ quadrant suggesting the lack of blue color in roses.Most of the germplasms could be clustered into 3 groups according to the lightness (L*) and chroma (C*).The 1 st group contained the germplasms of white and yellow color series.The 2nd group included the germplasms of the whole pink,purplish red,orange red color series and part of rose red color series.However,the 3rd group contained the germplasms of the whole dark red color series and part of rose red color series exhibited the positive correlations between L *and C*.The anthocyanins as standards were all detected in the germplasms by HPLC method,which cyanidin-3,5-di-glucoside (Cy3G5G) and pelargonidin-3,5-di-glucoside (Pg3G5G) ranked the most of the contents among six kinds of anthocyanins.Moreover,the contents of anthocyanins in the 3rdgroup were much higher than the other two groups.The above results indicated the abundant petal color diversity in rose germplasms.The correlation analysis further indicated that the contents of total anthocyanins (TA) were negatively correlated with L* in all germplasms.TA showed the positive correlations with a*/C* in the germplasms of the 1 st and 2nd groups but the negative correlations in the 3rd group.There were no correlations between the anthocyanins and CIE Lab parameters in the 1 st group.Two kinds of pelargonidins (Pg) exhibited the positive correlations with a*,b* and C* but no correlations with L* in the 2nd group,referring Pg could affect the colors but not the brightness.In the 3rdgroup,Cy3G5G as the unique anthocyanin presented the negative correlations with L*,a*/C*,indicating Cy3G5G might influence both the colors and the brightness.