带菌育苗基质对西瓜细菌性果斑病发生的影响和药剂筛选研究

西瓜细菌性果斑病（BFB）是西瓜上的毁灭性病害,研究其侵染途径及防治方法对于西瓜生产具有重要意义。本研究通过对育苗基质人工接种西瓜细菌性果斑病菌,发现基质带菌能够导致西瓜幼苗 BFB 的发生。通过室内试验评估了可杀得叁仟、加瑞农、加收米、注射用硫酸链霉素、90% 新植霉素 5 种药剂对西瓜细菌性果斑病菌的抑菌和杀菌效果,发现 90% 新植霉素（100、200、300 mg.L-1）对西瓜细菌性果斑病菌有较强的抑制效果 ,加瑞农 （600、800 倍液）处理细菌 5 h,对西瓜细菌性果斑病菌的室内杀灭效果达到 100%。在此基础上,研究在基质带菌量为 109cfu.kg-1的情况下,不同药剂消毒育苗基质对西瓜幼苗细菌性果斑病的防治效果。结果表明,每 1 m3基质喷淋 100 kg药剂,播种后的第 15 天,加瑞农 600 倍液和加收米 400 倍液对西瓜幼苗细菌性果斑病的防效分别达到 46.4% 和 30.4%。

Incidence of Bacterial Fruit Blotch on Watermelon Seedling from Soil Mix Infested with Acidovorax citrulli and Screening of Disinfectants

Bacterial fruit blotch（BFB）caused by Acidovorax citrulli（Ac）is one of the most devastating diseases for watermelon production.It＇s important for watermelon production to know the infection and control of BFB.Our experiment showed that infestation of soil mix with Ac culture can lead to occurrence of BFB on watermelon seedling.We used Kocide 3000,Kasumin ＋ Bordeaux,Kasumin,Streptomycin Sulfate and Streptomycin ＋ Oxyteracykine to treated the infested soil mix.The result showed that Streptomycin ＋ Oxyteracykine（100,200,300 mg·L-1） strongly inhibited growth of Ac.The bactericidal effect of Kasumin ＋ Bordeaux（600 and 800X treated for 5 hours）on Aac were 100% in lab test.We treated soil mix contai-ning 109 cfu Ac·kg-1 with Kasumin ＋ Bordeaux（600X solution）and Kasumin（400X solution）at the rate of 100 kg·m-3,we observed control efficacy of 46.4% and 30.4%,respectively,at the stage of 15 days after sowing.