不同有机肥施用量对反季节莲雾园区土壤细菌群落的影响

以海南莲雾（Syzygium samarangense）为研究对象,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,比较分析不同有机肥施用量对反季节莲雾园区土壤细菌群落多样性的影响。结果表明：（1）共检测到741 391条有效序列,32 778个OTU（operational taxonomic unit,操作分类单元）,包含28门分类和418个属分类,其中酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）和变形菌门（Proteobacteria）为优势群落;（2）土壤细菌群落多样性和丰富度顺序为BML（香蕉茎秆有机菌肥,低浓度,2 kg/株）=GML（羊粪有机肥,低浓度,2 kg/株）>GMM（羊粪有机肥,中浓度,4 kg/株）=BMH（香蕉茎秆有机菌肥,高浓度,6 kg/株）>CK（对照）>GMH（羊粪有机肥,高浓度,6 kg/株）=BMM（香蕉茎秆有机菌肥,中浓度,4 kg/株）;（3）线性判别分析（linear discriminant analysis effect size, LEfSe）发现不同施肥处理组（CK处理组、GM处理组、BM处理组）中有37个显著差异的物种（5个纲,7个目,9个科,8个属,8个种）,与维恩图的分析结果一致,即不同浓度的羊粪有机肥和香蕉茎秆有机菌肥处理下的细菌群落结构具有一定的相似性和差异性。研究表明,施用低浓度的羊粪有机肥和香蕉茎秆有机菌肥时,土壤细菌群落结构的多样性显著高于其他处理。因此,莲雾反季节催花时,施用低浓度的有机肥不仅有利于提高土壤细菌群落的多样性和稳定性,同时还可以减少有机肥施用量,达到精准施肥的目的。

Effects of Different Organic Fertilizer Rates on the Bacterial Community of Off-season Syzygium samarangense Park Soil

The effects of different organic fertilizer rates on the bacterial community diversity of soil in the off-season Syzygium samarangense plantation were analyzed using the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. 741 391 effective sequences and 32 778 operational taxonomic units (OTU) were detected, including 28 phyla and 418 genera. Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria were the dominant soil bacterial communities under different fertilizers in S. samarangense plantation. The order of the soil bacterial communities diversity and richness was the BML (organic fungi-manure for banana stalks, low concentration, 2 kg per plant) = the GML (organic manure of sheep manure, low concentration, 2 kg per plant) > the GMM (organic manure of sheep manure, medium concentration, 4 kg per plant) = the BMH (organic fungi-manure for banana stalks, high concentration, 6 kg per plant) > the CK (Control) > the GMH (organic manure of sheep manure, high concentration, 6 kg per plant) = the BMM (organic fungi-manure for banana stalks, medium concentration, 4 kg per plant). 37 significantly different species (5 classes, 7 orders, 9 families, 8 genera and 8 species) in the different fertilization treatment (CK treatment group, GM treatment group, BM treatment group) were found using the linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis, which was consistent with the results from Venn, i.e.. The soil bacterial community structure was similar, but still had some differences under different concentrations of organic manure treatments. Moreover, the soil bacterial community diversity under low concentration of sheep and banana stalk manures was significantly higher than those of the other treatments. It indicates that low concentration of organic fertilizer could not only improve the soil bacteria diversity and soil bacterial community structure stability, but also save fertilizer use.