NaCl和KCl不同浓度与处理时间对樱桃番茄产量和品质的影响

通过向营养液中分别添加NaCl和KCl,在2种EC值(4.0、8.0 mS/cm)和3种处理时间(10、20、30 d)下,对比研究2种盐胁迫对番茄产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:NaCl比KCl处理更能提高番茄果实的VC含量,其中EC值为4.0 mS/cm的NaCl处理30 d与EC值为8.0 mS/cm的NaCl处理10 d的2种处理的果实中VC含量最高;可溶性固形物的含量在处理后都有不同程度的提高,在EC值为4.0 mS/cm情况下,NaCl处理和KCl处理的提升率差异不明显,当EC值增大至8.0 mS/cm后,KCl处理比NaCl处理的提升率更大;盐胁迫降低了果实的糖酸比,在相同处理下,除EC值为4.0 mS/cm、时间为30 d的处理外,KCl处理的下降率大于NaCl处理;盐胁迫使得番茄的单株产量减少,NaCl处理和KCl处理下降幅度最小都发生在EC值为4.0 mS/cm、处理时间为10 d时,分别为33.8%和5.5%;另外,相同处理条件下,NaCl处理的单株产量下降率明显大于KCl处理。为了改善番茄果实品质,建议采用EC值为4.0 mS/cm的NaCl或KCl营养液对番茄在开花后进行盐胁迫处理10 d。

Effect of Different Concentrations and Durations of NaCl and KCl Treatment on Yield and Quality of Cherry Tomato Fruit

Comparative experiments of effect on two salts added in nutrient solution with NaCl and KCl in two different conductivities（EC value were 4.0,8.0 mS/cm）and three treatment durations（10,20,30 d）on the yield and quality of cherry tomato fruit were conducted.The results showed that NaCl treatment did better than KCl treatment in enhancing the VC content of tomato fruit,and VC content in fruit of following two treatments were the highest in all trials：NaCl with EC value of 4.0 mS/cm treated 30 days,and NaCl with EC value of 8.0 mS/cm treated 10 days.Soluble solids content also increased in different degrees after salt stress.In the treatment of EC value of 4.0 mS/cm,the results of NaCl treatment and KCl treatment had no significant difference in increasing soluble solids content,but in the treatment of EC value of 8.0 mS/cm,the rising rate of soluble solids content in KCl treatment was higher than that in NaCl treatment.In the same treatment,salt stress reduced the sugar to acid ratio of fruit,and greater declining rate in KCl with EC value of 4.0 mS/cm treated 30 days treatment than that in NaCl treatment.Salt stress made the reduction of tomato yield per plant,the smallest declining rate in NaCl and KCl treatment occurred when EC was 4.0 mS/cm and treatment duration was 10 days,reached 33.8% and 5.5% respectively.In addition,in the same treatment of EC and duration,NaCl treatments decreased yield per plant significantly higher than that in KCl treatment.To improve fruit quality,it was recommended that tomato should be treated by EC value of 4.0 mS/cm of nutrient solution and treatment duration of 10 days with NaCl or KCl salt stress after flowering.