11种木霉菌对葡萄灰霉病菌的拮抗作用

对采自宁夏14个市县的170份土样及其它材料进行分离，得到96株木霉菌株，采用形态分类方法鉴定出9种木霉菌以及2种未知名菌种，它们分别为哈茨木霉（Trichoderma harzianum）、绿色木霉（T.viride）、长枝木霉（T.longibrachiatum）、康氏木霉（T.koningii）、拟康氏木霉（T.pseudokoningii）、顶孢木霉（T.fertile）、黄绿木霉（T.aureoviride）、深绿木霉（T.atroviride）、钩状木霉（T.hamatum）以及T.sp1和T.sp2。竞争及对峙培养结果表明：11种木霉菌种对葡萄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea Pers.)均有不同程度的拮抗作用，尤其前四种木霉菌表现出了很强的竞争优势，在对峙培养中对葡萄灰霉菌的拮抗系数为Ⅰ~Ⅱ，抑菌率达61.8%~77.6%。在光学显微镜下可观察到木霉菌或缠绕或穿入葡萄灰霉菌菌丝生长，并发生菌丝断裂、消解以及细胞原生质浓缩等现象

Antagonism of Eleven Trichoderma Species Against Botrytis Cinerea in Grape

Ninety-six strains of Trichoderma were isolated from one hundred seventy samples of soil and other materials collected from fourteen regions in Ningxia. The morphological identification work indicated that they belonged to nine species of Trichoderma and two unidentified Trichoderma species，namely Trichoderma harzianum、T.viride、T.longibrachiatum、 T.koningii、T.pseudokoningii、T.fertile、T.aureoviride、T.atroviride、T.hamatum、T.sp1 and T.sp2. The results of competition and face-to-face-culturing showed that there were different antagonisms between eleven Trichoderma species and Botrytis cinerea，especially, inhibition of Trichoderma harzianum、T.viride、T.longibrachiatum and T.koningii were more obvious.Their inhibition index and inhibition rates repectively reachedⅠ~Ⅱand 61.8%~77.6%.By light microscopy,it was revealed that hyphae of Trichoderma species developed in coiled or penetrated Botrytis cinerea’s hyphae,and lead to its hyphae breaking or dissolving and cell cytoplasm concentration.