荔枝定向去核剥壳机设计与试验

基于荔枝的物性特征和柔性去核刀具,设计了一种自动定向、去核、剥壳和分离一体联动的荔枝定向去核剥壳机,在不同的工况条件下考证其去核剥壳后果肉的完整率和果汁损失率,结果表明:在定向对辊直径为72 mm、对辊间隙为2 mm、转速为93 r/min、荔枝纵径比等效直径长为1.3 mm以上时,定向成功率超过90%;在刀管内径为10 mm、果顶余量为2 mm、刀轴转速为12 r/min时,去核成功率为80%;在进料口间距为16 mm、出料口间距为20 mm、剥壳辊倾角为0°、主轴转速为15 r/min时,剥壳成功率为100%,灯笼状果肉的完好率超过80%。

Design and Experiment of Litchi Denucleating and Decorticating Machine

In order to obtain the complete lanterns litchi pulp and improve the postpartum processing quality and commodity value of litchi, a kind of litchi denucleating and decorticating machine was designed based on physical characteristics of litchi and flexible denucleating cutter. The machine integrated functions of automatic directing, denucleating and decorticating, as well as separating. The pulp integrity rate and juice loss rate after denucleating and decorticating were investigated under different working conditions. The results showed that the directional success rate was over 90%, while the diameter of directional roller was 72mm, the gap between roller was 2mm, and the rotational speed was 93r/min, as well as the longitudinal diameter was 1.3mm longer than the equivalent diameter of litchi. When the inner diameter of cutter was 10mm, the distance between denucleating cutter edge and the top of litchi was 2mm, and the cutter shaft speed was 12r/min, the denucleating success rate was 80%. Meanwhile, when the feeding hole spacing was 16mm, the discharging hole spacing was 20mm, and the decorticating roller angle was 0°, as well as the spindle speed was 15r/min, the decorticating success rate was 100%, and the integrity rate of lanterns litchi pulp was more than 80%. The results provided a reference for expanding the processing and utilization way of litchi, and showed that the developed denucleating and decorticating equipment could be industrialized and widespreaded.