氮、磷节约高产型水稻品种筛选

为筛选氮、磷节约高产型水稻品种,以正常施肥条件下的F优498和宜香2115作为对照,选取贵州省水稻研究所近年来选育的12个杂交籼稻新品种(组合)为材料,设置不同减氮处理和减磷处理,比较这些新品种(组合)在减肥条件下的产量和肥料利用率。结果表明,成优981、成优33、汕优108、D44/QR35、成优489等5个品种(组合)在减氮45 kg/hm^2的条件下较正常施氮的对照品种平均增产3.97%,属节氮高产型品种;汕优108和D44/QR35在减磷37.5 kg/hm^2的条件下较正常施磷的对照品种平均增产3.20%,属节磷高产型品种。节肥高产型水稻品种具有较多的每穗粒数和更大的群体颖花量。

Selection of High Yield Rice Varieties under Lower Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application

In order to select high yield rice cultivars for under lower nitrogen and phosphorus application, 12 hybrid varieties bred by Guizhou Rice Research Institute in recent years were used as materials, with Fyou 498 and Yixiangyou 2115 under normal fertilization conditions as control, different nitrogen reduction treatments and phosphorus reduction treatments were carried out. The results showed that the yields of Chengyou 981, Chengyou 33, Shanyou 108, D44/QR35 and Chengyou 489 under the decreased nitrogen condition were higher than the CK, the average yield was increased by 3.97%, that means the five cultivars could obtain high yield with lower nitrogen application. Shanyou108 and D44/QR35 performed higher yields under lower phosphorus application compared with the CK,the average yield was increased by 3.20%, that means the two cultivars could obtain high yield with lower phosphorus application.Generally, the type of rice cultivars with high yield under lower fertilizer application had more spikelets per panicle and larger population spikelets.