宁夏枸杞徒长枝青贮研究

枸杞(Lycium bararum)徒长枝是枸杞种植中的废弃物,但含有丰富的营养成分和药用成分,将其开发为青贮中药饲料添加剂是变废为宝的途径之一。本研究以糖蜜、麸皮、玉米(Zea mays)粉为糖源,以亚芯、君安酵宝、益加益、农富康为菌剂,通过比较不同糖源和菌剂青贮的枸杞徒长枝的感官评价得分、营养成分和药用成分等品质特性,探索适合枸杞徒长枝青贮的商品菌剂和糖源。结果表明:3种糖源青贮中酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维和氨态氮含量无显著差异(P>0.05),而添加糖蜜的粗蛋白(1.18%)、粗灰分(12.77%)、干物质(30.5%)、乳酸(123.75μg·g^-1)、多糖(27.89 mg·g^-1)、甜菜碱(6.47 mg·g^-1)和黄酮(1.15 mg·g^-1)含量最高,显著高于其余两个处理(P<0.05);4种菌剂和自然青贮的干物质、氨态氮的含量之间无显著差异(P>0.05),亚芯菌剂与自然青贮的粗蛋白和酸性洗涤纤维的含量之间无显著差异(P>0.05);但粗蛋白(1.96%)、酸性洗涤纤维(75.52%)、中性洗涤纤维(73.86%)、水溶性碳水化合物(259.19 mg·g^-1)、乳酸(145.82μg·g^-1)、多糖(27.27 mg·g^-1)含量以自然青贮为最高,且显著高于其余处理(P<0.05)。糖蜜是枸杞徒长枝青贮最佳添加糖源,自然青贮枸杞徒长枝是最佳青贮方式。

Silage of abandoned-growing branches of Lycium barbarum

Abandoned-growing branches are a waste of Lycium barbarum planting but contain abundant nutrients and medicinal ingredients.Using abandoned-growing branches of L.barbarum as a medicine additive silage is a way to turn waste into treasure.In this paper,molasses,bran,and corn flour were added as silage sugar sources and‘Ya xin’,‘Jun an jiao bao’,‘Yijiayi,’and‘Nongfukang’as commercial silage bacteria.By comparing the sensory evaluation scores,nutrient components,and medicinal components of the different sugar sources and microbial silages,we set out to find silage bacteria and sugar sources suitable for L.barbarum abandoned-growing branches silage.The results showed there were no significant differences in the content of acid detergent fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and ammonia nitrogen in the three kinds of sugar source silage(P>0.05).The highest content of crude protein(1.18%),crude ash(12.77%),dry matter(30.5%),lactic acid(123.75μg·g^-1),polysaccharide(27.89 mg·g^-1),betaine(6.47 mg·g^-1),and total flavonoids(1.15 mg·g^-1)added to molasses were significantly higher than those of the other two treatments(P<0.05).There was no difference between the dry matter and ammonia nitrogen content of the four kinds of microbial agents and natural silage(P>0.05).However,crude protein(1.96%),acid detergent fiber(75.52%),neutral detergent fiber(73.86%),water-soluble carbohydrate(259.19 mg·g^-1),lactic acid(145.82μg·g^-1),and polysaccharide(27.27 mg·g^-1)content were the highest in natural silage(P<0.05).Molasses was deemed to be the best sugar source,and natural silage is the best way of using the abandoned-growing branches of L.barbarum.