浙江开化县茶树种质资源的遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析

收集了浙江省开化县的不同茶树种质资源,利用SSR标记对资源的遗传多样性及个体间的遗传关系进行评估,筛选适于分子鉴别的核心标记组合,并分析样本的亲缘关系。研究结果显示：（1）14个SSR标记在供试样本中具有多态性,每个SSR位点的等位基因数为3~6个,平均等位基因数为4.14个,平均有效等位位点数为2.927个;（2）14个SSR位点的基因分型组合能精确的识别出每份种质资源,基于复合位点分析,成功筛选出10个核心SSR位点作为简化的组合,以该组合检测本试验的36份种质资源,其PE-1和PE-3分别超过0.99,PE-2超过0.95;（3）基于UPGMA构建进化树,将36份样本分为3个类群,并通过亲缘分析初步推测样本组中5个组合可能存在亲子关系。研究表明开化的茶树种质资源具有区别于现有育成品种的遗传背景,遗传多样性丰富。

Genetic and Phylogenetic Analysis for Resources of Camellia Sinensis from Kaihua County in Zhejiang Province

In this study, various tea resources from Kaihua County were collected to evaluate genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among individuals by SSR markers. Meanwhile, suitable core marker combinations were screened to construct fingerprint map. The results show that: (1) 14 SSR markers were polymorphic in the samples. The number of alleles per SSR locus was from 3 to 6 with the mean value of 4.14, and the average number of effective alleles was 3.08. (2) each germplasm resource could be identified by using 14 SSR markers. And based on the analysis of complex loci, the value of PE-1 and PE-3 were over 0.99 and PE-2 over 0.95, respectively, when 10 core SSR loci, as a simplified combination, were successfully screened to distinguish 36 germplasm resources. (3) 36 samples were divided into three groups based on UPGMA phylogenetic tree, and it was preliminarily speculated that five combinations might have parent-child relationship in the sample group through phylogenetic analysis. Present study indicated that tea germplasms in Kaihua County displayed highly diverse genetic backgrounds and might provide useful plant resources for breeding of new cultivars.