秋水仙素离体诱导同源四倍体青花菜

 以青花菜品种‘海兹’高频再生试管苗为外植体, 利用秋水仙素离体诱导四倍体。结果表明: 用含秋水仙素200 mg·L ^{- 1}的MS + 0.1 mg·L ^-1NAA + 6.0 mg·L ^{- 1} 6-BA液体培养基处理2 cm长的再生苗48 h, 每个外植体平均可产芽2.1个, 再生植株变异率为83.33% , 四倍体诱导率达79.17%。与二倍体相比, 四倍体植株叶片、花冠、气孔等均表现巨大性; 流式细胞仪倍性鉴定显示, 对照DNA相对含量为200, 四倍体再生植株为400。四倍体根尖染色体2n = 4x = 36。

In Vitro Induction of Autotetraploid Broccoli with Colchicine

In this study, the tube plantlets of broccoli were cultured on Murashige and Skoog fluid medi- um supplemented 6-BA and NAA in combinations with different concentrations of colchicine and treatment time to induce tetraploid. The results showed that the treatment with 200 mg·L~(-1) colchicines in MS + 0.1 mg·L~(-1) NAA + 6.0 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA for 48 hours yielded doubled chromosomes at highest rates, the number of shoots per explant was 2.1, the variation efficiency was 83.33%, and the variational rate of tetraploid was 79.17 %. Compared with the diploid, the tetraploid plants possessed gigantism in leaves, floral, stomata of plantlets. The flow cytometry was used to identify the ploidy of induced plants. The result suggested that the relative DNA content of control was 200 and the number of chromosome was 2n = 2x = 18, and tetraploid relative DNA content was 400 and the number of chromosome was 2n = 4x = 36. The identification of the chromosome analysis indicated the regeneration plantlets were tetraploid.