轮作与连作对高原夏季甜脆豆病虫害发生及产量的影响

针对甘肃省皋兰县夏季甜脆豆生产上常用的8种轮作与连作方式,研究其对高原夏季甜脆豆病虫害及产量的影响。结果表明:甜脆豆从苗期到采收期,根腐病、斑潜蝇、蓟马均有发生,且逐渐增加,霜霉病在开花结荚期发生,到采收期发病加重。甜脆豆与胡麻和小麦轮作,根腐病发病较轻,重迎茬甜脆豆根腐病较重,但轮作对改善霜霉病的发生效果不明显。甜脆豆与胡麻或小麦轮作,斑潜蝇和蓟马发生量最少,与菠菜、娃娃菜、青花菜轮作发生量居中,连续3a种植甜脆豆,斑潜蝇和蓟马发生量最多。甜脆豆与胡麻或小麦轮作产量最高,与菠菜、娃娃菜轮作产量次之,重迎茬甜脆豆产量最低。相关性分析表明,根腐病和斑潜蝇呈极显著正相关,根腐病和蓟马呈显著正相关,根腐病和产量呈极显著负相关,斑潜蝇、蓟马和产量呈显著负相关,霜霉病和产量呈负相关不显著。

Effect of Rotation and Continuous Cropping on Disease and Insect Pest Epidemics and Yield of Plateau Summer Sweet Broad Pea

Eight kinds of rotation and continuous cropping methods on plateau summer sweet broad pea production were studied for influence on disease,pest and yield.The results showed that root rot leafminer and thrips all occurred from seedling stage to till harvesting with an increasing trend and downy mildew showed up during flowering and pod bearing period and got worse on harvesting stage.Root rot was less severe when rotating sweet broad peas with benne and wheat,while quite worse during continuous cropping.Yet downy mildew was not effectively controlled with rotation.Leafminer and thrips were least occurred when rotating with benne or wheat,medium occurred when rotating with spinach,baby cabbages and broccoli,while the pests occurred most when growing sweet broad peas continuously for 3 years.The yield was the highest when rotating with benne or wheat,followed by spinach and baby cabbage and lowest yield was during continuously cropping.Relevance analysis showed that root rot and leafminer were significant positive correlated,root rot and thrips were positive correlated;root rot and the yield were significant negative related,leafminer,thrips and yield were negative related,downy mildew and yield were not significant negative related.