三元杂交牛12和18月龄肉用性能研究

选择健康无病、发育正常、膘情中等的夏洛来×西门塔尔×本地牛(夏西本)、皮埃蒙特×西门塔尔×本地牛(皮西本)、利木赞×西门塔尔×本地牛(利西本)、西门塔尔×西门塔尔×本地牛(西杂二代)各10头,从6月龄开始育肥,测定其增重、饲料消耗及其12和18月龄的屠宰成绩。结果表明:平均日增重以皮西本、利西本较高,分别为0.96kg、0.90kg,并与西杂二代差异显著(P<0.05);饲料消耗以皮西本较少,每kg增重消耗精、粗饲料分别为4.03kg和5.98kg。以皮西本和利西本2个杂交组合的屠宰成绩较好,18月龄屠宰率分别为61.50%、61.17%,净肉率分别为52.59%、49.21%。各组试验牛的高档肉块比例随着年龄的增长相应增加。

Study of Meat Performance for 12-month Old and 18-month Old Three-way Cross Beef Cattle

Four groups of crossbred beef included three-breed crossbred progenies of Charolais, Simmental and local yellow cattle(CSB), three-breed crossbred progenies of Piemontese, Simmental and local yellow cattle(PSB), three-breed crossbred progenies of Limousin ,Simmental and local yellow cattle(LSB) , and crossbred F2 of Simmental and local yellow cattle (SSB). Each group had ten beef. The body gain, feed efficiency of the crossbred beef and slaughter performance were measured and analyzed. The results showed that daily body gain of PSB and LSB were 0.96 kg and 0.90 kg respectively, and had significant difference between those three-breed crossbred progenies and SSB(P<0.05). The comprehensive and roughage efficiency of PSB were 4.03 and 5.98 respectively, the best in those beef. PSB and LSB have better slaughter performance than others. Their dressing percentage of 18-month old was 61.50% and (61.17%). The meat percentage was 52.59% and 49.21% respectively. With age increasing, the proportion of top grade cut of groups increased.