华南沿海近江牡蛎的分类研究

近江牡蛎是我国贝类养殖的主要对象，在华南沿海养殖已有700多年的历史。根据肉的颜色，近江牡蛎通常被珠江三角洲蚝民称为赤蚝和白蚝，但它们的贝壳形态极其相似。近江牡蛎分类鉴定研究已被探讨多年，传统的形态学、解剖学等已不能完全解决近江牡蛎的分类问题。近年发展起来的分子生物学技术在近江牡蛎分类方面取得了突破性的进展。文章综述了近江牡蛎分类研究进展，综合有关研究报道认为华南沿海养殖的近江牡蛎可能是3个物种的混合体：赤蚝可能是一个新种，而白蚝含有香港巨牡蛎和有明巨牡蛎2个物种。

Taxonomic studies of the cultured species of Crassosstrea sp in South China waters

The Jinjiang oyster is one of the most important and main farming species in China. It has a 700 year history in South China waters. Based on the color of its flesh, two forms of Jinjiang oyster are widely recognized and referred to as the red oyster and white oyster by farmer lived in the Pearl River delta. Their shell morphologies are so similar that the identity of the cultured species of Jinjiang oyster in South China waters has been discussed for many years. Traditional methods could not solve their taxonomy entirely, such as morphology and anatomy. At present, the evident progress in Jinjiang oysters discrimination has been acquired since some molecular biological technologies are used to be classified. The paper summarized the major research progress on taxonomic and molecular biology studies of Jinjiang oyster. The synthesis results show: The Jinjiang oyster is a hybrid of 3 species including red oyster not yet be named and white oyster, which include Hong Kong cultured oyster. Crassosstrea hongkongensis and Suminoe oyster C.ariakensis.