大豆玉米带状复合种植专用播种机现场演示验证技术要求

大豆玉米带状复合种植模式是实现“玉米不减产 多收一季豆”的可行途径，但是这与各地现有种植模式有很大差异，给播种机播种施肥等作业提出了新的要求。系统梳理该种植模式的特点，一是精量播种，玉米单粒播种，大豆每穴1或2粒；二是行距、株距缩小，合理密植。大豆株距7~10 cm，行距25~30 cm或40 cm；玉米株距8~11 cm或14 cm，行距40 cm；大豆玉米行间距60~65 cm或70 cm。三是单位面积施肥量一个加大，一个减小。玉米高氮缓释复合肥每公顷750~975 kg，大豆低氮缓释复合肥每公顷225~300 kg，“4+4”和“4+6”种植模式施肥量还要适当增加。简要介绍对应专用播种机应考核的主要内容、合格指标及验证方法，如大豆玉米带状复合种植专用机播种机安全性、适用性、先进性应达到的要求、验证实施的技术要点；阐述验证结论获取及其局限性，提出促进专用播种机发展的3条建议：增加配置、改进性能；培训农户和完善农艺；长短结合、耐心培育促发展。

Technical requirements for field demonstration and verification of special seeder for soybean and corn strip compound planting

It is a feasible way for soybean and corn strip compound planting mode to achieve “corn without reducing yield and harvesting more beans for one season”, but it is very different from the existing planting mode in various places in China, which puts forward new requirements for seeding and fertilization operations. This paper systematically combs the characteristics of the planting model, i.e. Firstly, it is precision seeding. Sow corn in single seeds and soybeans in 1 or 2 seeds per hole. Secondly, the row spacing and plant spacing are reduced, planting in a reasonable density. Soybean plant spacing is 7-10 cm, row spacing is 25-30 cm or 40 cm; Corn plant spacing is 8-11 cm or 14 cm, row spacing is 40 cm; Soybean and corn row spacing is 60-65 cm or 70 cm. Thirdly, fertilizer application per unit area is increased, another is decreased. High nitrogen and slow release compound fertilizer for corn is 750-975 kg/hm2, much more than normal level, and low nitrogen and slow release compound fertilizer for soybean is 225-300 kg/hm2, quite fewer than normal level. Fertilizer application in “4+4” and “4+6” planting modes should be increased appropriately. This paper briefly introduces the main contents, qualified indexes and verification methods of the corresponding special seeder, such as the requirements of the safety, applicability and advancement of the special planter for soybean and corn belt compound planting, and the key technical points of verification implementation. This paper expounds the obtaining and limitation of the verification conclusion, and puts forward three suggestions to promote the development of special planter: increasing the configuration and improving the performance; training farmers and perfecting the agronomy; carrying short and long term strategies, patiently cultivate to promote its development.