基于TPA法枣酸枣杂交F1果实质地与裂果对比分析

【目的】评价枣和酸枣杂交F₁代果实质地多样性，分析不同质地果实与裂果的关系。【方法】采用相关性分析、主成分和聚类分析等方法，研究枣雄性不育JMS2(Z.jujuba)×酸枣邢16(Z.acidojujuba)的F₁代及其亲本果实，基于TPA分析并对比果实裂果率。运用应力曲线得出硬度、粘附性、内聚性、弹性、破裂力、胶粘性和咀嚼性7个果实质地参数。【结果】各果实质地指标均有不同程度的分离，变异系数分布17.79%～52.43%。弹性、破裂力、胶粘性和咀嚼性呈极显著正相关，相关性系数分布在0.33～0.94,硬度、胶粘性和咀嚼性与其他指标相关性较强，内聚性与硬度、破裂力呈极显著负相关，与粘附性呈显著性负相关，应用主成分分析，把7个质地参数，转化为累计贡献率为96.47%的4个主成分分别为硬度因子、内聚因子、粘附因子和弹性因子，杂交群体不同果实质地分成3个群体，分别为绵密软质群、高弹硬质母本群和中值父本群。中值父本群是3个类群中最大的，占总数的76.56%。【结论】硬度、胶粘性和弹性参数高或果肉内聚性高的类群裂果率更低。

TPA Method was Used to Analyze the Texture and Split of F1 Fruit of Jujube Hybrid

【Objective】 To evaluate the texture diversity of F₁ hybrid fruit between jujube and jujube and reveal the relationship between different texture fruit and split fruit. 【Methods】 Correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to conduct TPA analysis on fruit of F1 generation and its parents of jujube male sterility JMS2 (Z.jujuba JMS2)× jujube Xing16 (Z.acidojujuba) and to compare Dehiscent fruit rate. By analyzing the stress curve, 7 fruit texture parameters including hardness, adhesion, cohesiveness, elasticity, breaking force, adhesiveness and chew ability were obtained. 【Results】 The results showed that the indexes of fruit texture were separated to different degrees, and the coefficient of variation was 17.79%-52.43%. Correlation analysis found that elasticity, rupture strength, adhesiveness and chewiness were extremely positively correlated, correlation coefficients were distributed between 0.33-0.94, and hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness had strong correlation with other indicators and cohesion were very negatively correlated with hardness, fracture force, and the adhesive. Using principal component analysis, the seven texture parameters were transformed into four principal components contributing to 96.47%, which were hardness factor, cohesion factor, adhesion factor and elastic factor. According to the four fruit essence landlord component cluster analysis, the hybrid group different fruit quality was divided into three groups, which were dense soft group, high elastic hard maternal group and median paternal group. Median paternal group is the largest among the three groups, accounting for 76.56% of the total.【Conclusion】 It is found that the group with high hardness, viscosity and elasticity parameters or high pulp cohesiveness has lower Dehiscent fruit rate.