晚籼杂交稻主要性状分析与高产育种途径探讨

利用江西省常用不育系与恢复系构建杂交组合,对这些组合的主要农艺性状与产量进行相关分析、多元逐步回归分析以及通径分析。结果表明,影响江西省晚籼杂交稻产量的主要性状依照对产量的贡献大小依次为单株有效穗数、每穗总粒数、千粒重和结实率;这4个因子与产量之间存在着极显著的线性回归关系,并且它们之间是个矛盾体。并认为适宜江西省晚籼杂交组合应以早、中熟类型,多穗型组合为主,在保证结实正常的情况下同时兼顾每穗粒数、千粒重较易获得高产。

Analysis on Main Characters and Discussion on High-yielding Breeding of Late-season Indica Hybrid Rice

Correlation analysis,stepwise regression analysis and path coefficient analysis on the main agronomic characters of 97 late-season indica hybrid rice combinations were conducted.The results showed that the sequence of main agro-characters contribution to the yield was panicles per plant,total grains per panicle,1000-grain weight and seed setting rate.They were closely related with yield,and their relationship each other was also very complex.The author pointed out that the ideal morphological characters of high-yielding late-season indica hybrid rice in Jiangxi province should be early or medium maturity,plenty of tillers.And at the same time we should take account of the other two main factors,i.e.total grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight under the condition of ensuring the normal seed setting rate.