延迟交配对蛾类生殖适合度影响的Meta分析

延迟交配被认为是交配干扰技术间接控制害虫种群的一种方法。近年来延迟交配行为对蛾类昆虫生殖适合度的影响得到了广泛的研究,然而,延迟交配行为与蛾类生殖适合度之间的关系相当复杂且存在很大疑惑。本文通过对搜集到的38篇实例研究性文献进行Meta分析,探讨了蛾类的延迟交配行为对雌蛾的生殖产量的影响并确定这种差异是否受科属、性别和交配策略的影响。结果表明延迟交配明显降低雌蛾的产卵量和卵的孵化率,而雌蛾寿命相应地延长。这种负相关性在不同科、性别和交配策略的蛾类之间有所差异,表现为延迟交配对夜蛾科、螟蛾科、卷蛾科、尺蛾科等的负作用高于草螟科、菜蛾科、巢蛾科和蛀果蛾科等蛾类;对雌蛾的影响比雄蛾更明显;而对多配制蛾类的影响比单配制蛾类更显著。笔者的结果支持成虫日龄与雌蛾生殖产量之间存在明显的相关性,每种蛾类均存在一个最佳的交配日龄,从而提出交配干扰技术在实际生产中只有在蛾类最佳交配日龄之前应用合成信息素来阻止或干扰其交配行为才能取得最佳的防治效果。

A Meta Analysis of the Effect of Delayed Mating on Female Reproductive Fitness in Moths

Delayed mating is considered to be an indirect method by which mating disruption works to con-trol pest populations.In recent years, the influence of delayed mating on the reproductive fitness of moths has been studied extensively.However, the relationship between delayed mating and female reproductive fitness in moths remains complicated and controversial.In this study,a meta-analysis on 38 experimental studies was per-formed to assess the direct effects of delayed mating on female fecundity,egg fertility,and female longevity in moths and to determine whether the effect of delayed mating on female moth fitness is influenced by the following variables:moth family,sex,and female mating strategy.The results clearly showed that delayed mating significant-ly decreases female fecundity and fertility while increases female longevity in moths,and these negative effects of delayed mating on female fitness differ greatly in moth family,sex and mating strategy,the negative effects on Noctuidae,Pyralidae,Tortricidae and Geometridae are higher than on Crambidae,Plutellidae,Yponomeutidae and Carposinidae,the negative effects on female moths are higher than on male moths,and the negative effects of polyandrous moths are higher than on monandrous moths.These results strongly support the correlation be-tween the age at the first mating and the female fitness consequences and the existence of an optimal age for mating in moth.It can be concluded that the pest control technology of mating disruption will achieve a good control effect only when synthetic sex pheromone is used to interfere with or result in a delay of mating in field before the optimal mating age of moths.