| 新疆阿勒泰地区哈萨克马乳房参数与乳房形状调查 |
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| 引用本文： | 王涛,李杭森,古丽巴合提·达吾列提汗,依那木江·亚力买买提,努尔玛奴·克里木,白新宇,王许,阿尔青·托里肯,格明古丽·木哈台.新疆阿勒泰地区哈萨克马乳房参数与乳房形状调查[J].中国乳业,2022(2). |
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| 作者姓名： | 王涛 李杭森 古丽巴合提·达吾列提汗 依那木江·亚力买买提 努尔玛奴·克里木 白新宇 王许 阿尔青·托里肯 格明古丽·木哈台 |
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| 作者单位： | 塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院;新疆阿勒泰地区富蕴县吐尔洪乡农业（畜牧业）发展服务中心;新疆伊宁县喀拉亚尕奇乡畜牧兽医站;伊宁县吉里于孜镇畜牧兽医站;塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用兵团重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 阿勒泰马挤奶器参数和产奶性能相关性状研究(2201008007);新疆地方马种遗传多样性和系统进化研究(3196200231);新疆伊犁马产业集群项目(2021xjmlt-z-07);青藏高原区域畜禽遗传资源调查(马属动物)(19190657);哈萨克斑点马毛色性状相关基因多态性及被毛皮组织中表达研究(31560616);马在“一带一路”中的作用及不同品种间的关系研究(2011BC007). |
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| 摘 要： | 为了确定新疆阿勒泰地区哈萨克马的乳用优势,本研究测量了131匹阿勒泰地区成年泌乳高峰期哈萨克马乳房外部结构,总结其特征并测定了挤奶相关参数。结果显示,阿勒泰地区哈萨克马乳房周长平均为58.48 cm,乳房深度为13.24 cm,乳房沟长为24.70 cm,乳头长为4.27 cm,乳头根周长为11.13 cm,两个乳头间距为5.43cm。阿勒泰地区哈萨克马的乳房结构参数平均值接近碗装乳房,其中碗状乳房比率在52.67%,球状乳房比率在34.35%,梨状乳房比率在12.98%,这个比例说明阿勒泰地区哈萨克马具有较大的乳用潜力。同时计时方法测定结果为人工挤奶127.21次/min,马驹吮吸112.4次/min,脉动35.64次/min,可在此基础上优化人工挤奶次数,为马用挤奶器的开发提供数据支持。
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| 关 键 词： | 哈萨克马 乳房形状 乳房参数 |
Breast Parameters and Breast Shape of Kazak Horse in Altay of Xinjiang |
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| Institution: | (College of Animal Science,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300;Agriculture(Animal Husbandry)Development Service Center,Tuerhong Township,Fuyun County,Altay Prefecture Xinjiang 836100;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Kalayagaqi Township,Yining Xinjiang 835199;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Jiliyuzi Town,Yining County,Yining Xinjiang 835199;Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Tarim Basin Corps,Alar Xinjiang 843300) |
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| Abstract: | In order to determine the milk use advantage of Kazakh horses in Altay of Xinjiang,131 Kazakh horses during peak lactation period were measured in this study,and the characteristics and milking parameters were summarized.The results showed that the average circumference of the breast was 58.48 cm,the depth of the breast was 13.24 cm,the length of the breast groove was 24.70 cm,the length of the nipple was 4.27 cm,the circumference of the nipple root was 11.13 cm and the distance between the two nipples was 5.43cm.The average value of breast structure parameters of Kazak horses in Altai area is close to bowl breast,among which bowl breast ratio is 52.67%,bulbous breast ratio is 34.35%,piriform breast ratio is 12.98%.This ratio indicates that Kazak horses in Altai area have great milk potential.At the same time,the results of timing method were 127.21 times/min for manual milking,112.4 times/min for Suckling and 35.64 times/min for pulsing,which could optimize the times of manual milking and provide data support for the development of horse milking device. |
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| Keywords: | Kazakh horse udder shape udder parameters |
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