黑龙江杂交粳稻产量相关性状配合力及遗传参数分析

按照不完全双列杂交(NCII)设计,以6个恢复系为父本、3个不育系为母本共配制18个杂交粳稻组合,分析了产量相关性状的配合力及遗传参数。结果表明,杂交组合的产量和结实率受母本的影响大于父本,每穗实粒数更多地依赖恢复系,穴穗数和千粒重则受双亲的共同影响。遗传分析表明,主要受基因加性效应影响的性状为穗实粒数,主要受非加性效应互作影响的性状包括产量和穴穗数,受基因加性效应和基因非加性效应共同控制的性状包括结实率和千粒重。黑龙江杂交粳稻组合产量及其相关性状受亲本一般配合力影响,但最终由其特殊配合力决定,且特殊配合力效应与亲本一般配合力效应具有相对独立性,因此,在选育高产杂交组合时,应首先选择一般配合力高的亲本,在此基础上,重点关注组合的特殊配合力。

Analysis on Combining Ability and Genetic Parameters of Yield-related Characters of Japonica Hybrid Rice in Heilongjiang Province

Using six restorer lines and three male sterile lines to make 18 japonica hybrid rice combinations by the incomplete diallel crossing design(NCⅡ),the combining ability and genetic parameters of the yield-related traits were analyzed.The results showed that the yield and seed setting rate of hybrid combinations were mainly affected by the female,the number of filled grains per panicle was largely affected by the male,and the number of panicles per hill and 1000-grain weight were co-affected by both parents.The genetic analysis showed that the number of filled grains per panicle was mainly affected by the additive effect,the yield and number of panicles per hill were mainly affected by the interaction of non-additive effect,and the seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight were co-affected by both the additive effect and non-additive effect.The yield and its related traits of japonica hybrid rice in Heilongjiang Province were affected by the general combining ability(GCA),but they were finally determined by the specific combining ability(SCA).Furthermore,SCA and GCA were relatively independent.Therefore,on the basis of selecting parents with a high GCA,more attention should be paid to selection of SCA in breeding of high-yielding hybrid combinations.