鸭瘟病毒弱毒株在免疫雏鸭体内的分布和排毒规律

鸭瘟病毒(DPV)弱毒Cha株经皮下、口服和滴鼻3种途径免疫1日龄雏鸭，应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测了病毒在体内分布和排毒规律。Cha株免疫雏鸭后，对血液、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、十二指肠、直肠、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、肌肉、骨髓、粪便和食道共19种组织PCR检测结果如下：(1)皮下接种雏鸭后4h，即可在心、肝、脾、肾、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑和小脑共10种组织中检出DPV的DNA；8h后，所有采取的组织器官均可检测到DPV的DNA。(2)口服接种雏鸭后4h，可在舌和食道中检测到DPV的DNA；8h后，可在心、肝、脾、肾、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、食道和血液共12种组织器官中检出DPV的DNA。(3)滴鼻接种雏鸭后4h，未能在各种组织中检出DPV的DNA；8h后，可在心、肝、脾、肾、胸腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、食道和血液共11种组织中检测到DPV的DNA。(4)在3种免疫途径中，检出时间最早和检出率最高的组织器官为肝脏、脑(大脑、小脑和延脑)；3种途径免疫的鸭，从免疫后12h至21d均能从所有采集的组织中检测出DPV DNA。

Distribution and Excretion of Duck Plague Virus Attenuated Cha Strain in Vaccinated Ducklings

A polymerase chain reaction(PCR) methold was applied to detect duck plague virus(DPV) attenuated Cha strain in Ducklings vaccinated in three routes,subcutaneous injection,orally and nose dripping.Heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,duodenum,rectum,bursa of Fabricius,thymus,pancreas,medulla oblongata,cerebrum,cerebellum,tongue,musculari,bone marrow,excrement,esophagus and blood from one old ducklings vaccined with Cha strain in three different vaccinated routes were detected by PCR,and the results indicated:(1)heart,liver,spleen,kidney,bursa of Fabricius,thymus,pancreas,medulla oblongata,cerebrum,cerebellum were positive 4 h post vaccinated(PV),subcutaneous injected,and all samples were positive 8 h PV;(2)tongue and esophagus were positive 4 h PV Orally,and heart,liver,spleen,kidney,thymus,pancreas,medulla oblongata,cerebrum,cerebellum,tongue,esophagus and blood were positive 8 h PV;(3)4 h PV nose dripping,all tissues were negative,but heart,liver,spleen,kidney,thymus,medulla oblongata,cerebrum,cerebellum,tongue,esophagus and blood were positive 8 h PV;(4)all samples from three different vaccinated routes were positive from 12 h to 21 d.The research results provide significant data for clarify the immune mechanism of attenuated DPV.