生物有机肥与减量配施化肥对连作黄瓜养分利用率及产量的影响

为了探讨生物有机肥与减量配施化肥对连作黄瓜养分利用率和产量的影响,采用田间小区试验,以黄瓜为供试作物,共设9个处理(T1~T9),将9个处理分为3个处理组:生物有机肥添加量为0t/hm^2的CK处理组(T1减肥0%,T2减肥10%,T3减肥20%);生物有机肥添加量为10t/hm^2的Y1处理组(T4减肥0%,T5减肥10%,T6减肥20%);生物有机肥添加量为20t/hm^2的Y2处理组(T7减肥0%,T8减肥10%,T9减肥20%)。结果表明:Y1处理组和Y2处理组与CK处理组相比,黄瓜产量的提高范围分别为1.48%~38.88%和15.31%~50.91%,氮肥利用率提高1.51~10.07个百分点和6.41~18.71个百分点,磷肥利用率提高2.07~5.38个百分点和5.67~8.90个百分点,钾肥利用率的提高范围分别为9.50~16.31个百分点和16.95~28.43个百分点;在施用相同量的生物有机肥条件下,随着化肥施用量的减少,CK组内各处理(T1、T2和T3)黄瓜产量差异显著,Y1组内的T4和T5与T6相比黄瓜产量差异明显,Y2组内T8与T9相比黄瓜产量差异显著。在9个处理中,T8黄瓜产量最高;Y1组内各处理(T4、T5和T6)和Y2组内各处理(T7、T8和T9)的氮肥利用率、磷肥利用率和钾肥利用率均呈上升趋势。研究结果可为提高养分利用率和减轻作物连作障碍提供科学依据。

Effects of Bio-organic Fertilizer Combined with Reduced Fertilizer on Nutrient Utilization and Yield of Continuous Cropping Cucumber

In order to explore the effects of bio-organic fertilizer combined with reduced fertilizer on nutrient utilization and yield of continuous cropping cucumber, a field plot experiment with nine treatments (T1~T9) was conducted, and cucumber was taken as the test crop. The nine treatments (T1~T9) were divided into three treatment groups, which were CK treatment group with 0 t/hm² bio-organic fertilizer addition (T1 reduced fertilizer 0%, T2 reduced fertilizer 10% and T3 reduced fertilizer 20%), Y1 treatment group with 10 t/hm² bio-organic fertilizer addition (T4 reduced fertilizer 0%, T5 reduced fertilizer 10% and T6 reduced fertilizer 20%) and Y2 treatment group with 20 t/hm² bio-organic fertilizer addition (T7 reduced fertilizer 0%, T8 reduced fertilizer 10% and T9 reduced fertilizer 20%). The results showed that compared with CK treatment, the cucumber yield of Y1 and Y2 treatment groups increased by 1.48%~38.88% and 15.31%~50.91%, respectively, the nitrogen utilization ratio of Y1 and Y2 treatment groups increased by 1.51%~10.07% and 6.41%~18.71%, the phosphorus utilization ratio of Y1 and Y2 treatment groups increased by 2.07%~5.38% and 5.67%~8.90%, and the potassium utilization ratio of Y1 and Y2 treatment groups increased by 9.50%~16.31% and 16.95%~28.43%, respectively. Under the condition of applying the same amount of bio-organic fertilizer, with the decreasing of chemical fertilizer application, the cucumber yield in CK treatments group (T1, T2 and T3) was significantly different. In Y1 group, the cucumber yield of T4 and T5 was significantly different from that of T6. In Y2 group, the cucumber yield of T8 was significantly different from that of T9. Among the nine treatments, T8 had the highest yield of cucumber, while the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of each treatment in Y1 (T4, T5 and T6) and Y2 group (T7, T8 and T9) all showed increase trends. The results could provide scientific basis for improving nutrient utilization rate and reducing crop continuous cropping obstacles.