三种不同养殖模式对草鱼肝胰脏结构与功能的影响

为明确草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)肝胰脏颜色与肝脂肪及矿物质沉积量间的关系，对越冬期草鱼暗红肝、花肝、白肝、黄肝4种不同颜色肝胰脏中水分、脂肪和12种矿物质含量进行了检测与分析。结果表明，越冬期草鱼暗红肝、花肝、白肝、黄肝中平均水分质量分数依次为77.78%、70.98%、67.91%、64.01%，平均脂肪质量分数分别为2.06%、2.85%、4.24%、5.28%，且4种颜色草鱼肝胰脏中水分和脂肪质量分数差异显著(P<0.05)；相对暗红肝，花肝、白肝和黄肝中钙(Ca)、铬(Cr)、锌(Zn)、硒(Se)质量分数显著上升(P<0.05)；花肝仅铜(Cu)和砷(As)的质量分数低于暗红肝，白肝仅镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、Cu质量分数低于暗红肝，黄肝则所有被检矿物质均高于暗红肝。研究表明，越冬期草鱼肝胰脏脂肪沉积较少，但随着肝颜色由暗红肝变成花肝、白肝与黄肝，肝中水分含量依次减少，脂肪沉积量则依次增加；相对于脂肪质量分数较低的暗红肝，脂肪质量分数相对较高的其他颜色草鱼肝胰脏中Ca、Cr、Zn、Se质量分数显著上升(P<0.05)。

Nutritional lipid liver disease of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idullus (C. et V.)

To clarify the relationship between hepatopancreas colours and lipid and mineral contents of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), we analyzed the moisture, total lipid and minerals contents of hepatopancreas with different colours during winter. Results show that the average moisture and lipid contents in kermesinus, spot, white and yellow hepatopancreas were 77.78%, 70.98%, 67.91%, 64.01% and 2.06%, 2.85%, 4.24%, 5.28%, respectively, which were significantly different (P<0.05). Compared with kermesinus hepatopancreas, the Ca, Cr, Zn and Se contents in spot, white and yellow hepatopancreas all increased significantly (P<0.05). Cu and As contents in spot hepatopancreas, and Mg, Fe, Cu contents in white hepatopancreas were lower than those in kermesinus hepatopancreas. However, all the detected minerals in yellow hepatopancreas were higher than those in kermesinus hepatopancreas. Briefly, there was less lipid in hepatopancreas of grass carp during winter, but when the hepatopancreas colours changed from kermesinus to spot, white and yellow, the moisture  contents gradually decreased but the lipid gradually increased. Compared with kermesinus hepatopancreas that had lower lipid content, the contents of Ca, Cr, Zn and Se in hepatopancreas with the other colours which had higher lipid contents significantly increased (P<0.05).