具有黄绿叶标记的香型籼稻不育系选育研究

【目的】转育成携带有标记性状的实用香型籼稻三系不育系及保持系。【方法】利用常规杂交自然分离突变体黄绿色叶片、有香味植株,转育成带有标记性状和香味的实用型不育系。【结果】选育的黄绿叶片突变体不育系其叶色自苗期至成熟期均表现为黄绿色,与正常叶色极易区别,并且未发现黄色退化现象。采用热水法鉴别具有香味的株系转育成带黄绿叶标记的香型籼稻不育系,其株高在41.5—56.5cm,植株叶片及谷粒颖壳呈黄绿色,其中叶鞘、叶耳及叶片边缘呈紫红色,分蘖力中等;其中黄标3A的穗长24.9cm,穗子着粒数145.0粒,谷粒呈长粒梭状形;千粒重28g,播始期85d,其保持系基部结实好,充实饱满。柱头呈紫黑色,柱头较大、而外露好。与恢复系测交、常规杂交的正、反交,其F1代均表现为正常绿色;测交、常规正、反交F2代群体平均分离比例分别为:2.92﹕1、2.76﹕1和2.96﹕1,经卡方检测,F2代群体分离符合3﹕1比例,表明黄绿色叶片呈隐性遗传,受1对隐性基因控制。【结论】黄绿叶标记不育系带有香味,且叶色与正常叶色有显著差异,受1对隐性基因控制。黄绿色叶片这一标记性状遗传稳定。与不同恢复系配组,F1代表现一般配合力强,可恢复性好。

Breeding of Male Sterile Line of Aromatic Indica Rice with Yellow-Green Leaves Marker

Objective]The applied CMS sterile fine and maintainer line of aromatic indica rice with marker character was bred.Method]The CMS sterile line of aromatic indica rice with marker character was bred by using general crossing and natural segregation mutant yellow-green leaves plant.Result]The selected mutant male sterile line with yellow-green leaves has yellow-green leaves from seedling stage to mature stage.It can be distinguished from the general leaves easily.No degeneration phenomenon in yellow was found.The aromatic plant lines identified by hot water method were selected as aromatic indica rice sterile fines with yellow-green leaves marker.Its plant height was 41.5-56.5 era.Its leaves and glumes were yellow-green.Its leaf sheath, auricles and edge of leaves were purple-red in color.Its tillering capacity was moderate.The panicle length of Huangbiao 3A was 24.9 cm.The spikelet number per panicle of it was 145.The cereal grain of it was long grain like a shuttle.The 1000-grain weight of it was 28 g.Its growing period was 85 d.The setting percentage of its maintainer line basal panicle was high and seeds were full.The stigma of it was purple-black in color, bigger in size, and good in exsertion rate.When it was test crossed and general reciprocal crossed with other green rice plant, its F_1 generation all appeared normal green.The average segregation ratio of its F2 generation population was 2.92 : 1, 2.76 : 1, and 2.96 : 1, respectively.The segregation ratio accorded with 3 : 1 by X~2 test.It indicated that the yellow-green leaves were recessive inheritance and controlled by a pair of recessive genes.Conclusion]The indica rice male sterile line with yellow-green leave marker has scents and a significant difference with general rice in leaf color.Its yellow-green leaf is controlled by a pair of recessive genes.Its label character yellow-green leaf is stabilization in heredity.When it is crossed with restoring fines, the general combining ability of F1 is evidence.It indicates that the sterile fine is restored easily.