高产香草兰栽培土壤条件的研究

对海南不同管理水平香草兰种植园土壤理化性状调查分析和土壤ｐＨ、水分地表覆盖盆栽试验的研究结果表明，香草兰栽培要维持高产稳产，在土壤管理中必须达到如下主要条件：（１）香草兰对土壤ｐＨ反应极为敏感，最适于生长的土壤ｐＨ值为６．５，在ｐＨ６．０￣７．０范围内生长良好，低于ｐＨ５．５和高于ｐＨ７．０都抑制其生长，低ｐＨ的抑制作用大于高ｐＨ，酸性土壤施石灰对生长和养分吸收反应良好；２）香草兰喜湿而好气，土壤

Study on Soil Conditions for High-yielding Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia)

Soil physicochemical property was studied by way of investigation and analysisof soil conditions of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) plantations managed different1y in Hainanas well as of pot experiments involving soil acidity,moisture content and mu1ch. The results found the main soil conditions for consistently high yielding vanilla as follows.Vanilla was highly sensitive to soil acidity. Vanilla grew well between 6. 0 to 7.0,theoptimum being 6. 5;pH below 5. 5 of over 7. 0 restrained vanilla from growth,low pHgiving much greater inhibition than high pH. Vanilla responded well in growth and nutrient uptake on the acid soil applied with limeVanilla loved humidity and air. It was better to keep the soil field moisture capacitywithin some 60 percent without below 40 percent or over 80 percent,the total porosity ofsurface soil at more than 55 percent,and the ratio of capillary to aeration porosity at 80:20 with the aeration porosity preferably being not more than 25 percent of the totalporosity.Vanilla showed remarkable positive effect on mulching. It was required that the soillayer for roots contain rather high organic matter content: 4. 0% or more for clayey soil,2. 5 % - 3.0% for 1oamy soi1,and 2. O% - 2. 5%for sandy soil. Surface soil under vanillashould be covered with organic matter throughout the year,and application of organic fertilizer needed.Vanilla was highly sensitive to phosphorus nutrient. The available P of more than150 mg per kg soil was required for vanilla high yielding plantations to meet the needsof vanilla growth and persistently high yield.