基于绿视率的校园景观感知视听耦合特征分析

深入认识视觉和听觉耦合下人们对景观的感知规律，对景观资源评价和宜居环境设计尤为关键。以福建农林大学金山校区校园景观为对象，结合样地监测和问卷调查等方法，比较分析夏季（7月）不同绿视率呈现的视觉信息与声音感受特征结合下人们对景观环境感知特征的差异。结果表明:1）校园声景观不同时段的声音类型频率与声级无明显相关关系（P＞0.05），声级大小与空气温度、湿度等环境因子亦无显著相关性；2）景观中10、30 m和50 m的3个圆形缓冲区内的道路面积占比与声级呈中等强度正相关（0.577＜r＜0.689），且林地面积占比与声级呈中等强度负相关（r=-0.591），其他景观要素与声级均无显著相关性；3）声音的存在会影响人们对景观美感度和景观自然度感知，但在高和低绿视率景观中表现相反，即:在高绿视率景观中为正向效应，而在低绿视率组中产生负向效应。女性对声景观感知的好感度显著高于男性；4）无论景观绿视率高低与否，受访者对声音响度与视听匹配度的感受都会对景观美感度和自然度产生显著影响，但影响作用各异。

Visible Green Index Based Audio-Visual Interaction Characteristics of the Campus Landscape Perception

In-depth understanding of people’s landscape perception laws under the audio-visual coupling is particularly critical for landscape resource evaluation and livable environment design.Taking the Jinshan Campus of Fujian A&F University as an example,the differences in the characteristics of the people’s perception about landscape environment under the combination of visual information and sound perception characteristics presented by different visible green indices were compared and analyzed by using sample monitoring and questionnaire surveys.The results were showed as follows.1) There was no significant correlation between the sound type and frequency of the campus soundscape at different time phases (P>0.05),and the sound level had no significant correlation with environmental factors such as air temperature and humidity.2) The proportion of road area in the 3 circular buffer zones of 10,30 and 50 m in the landscape was positively correlated with the sound level (0.577＜r＜0.689),and the proportion of forest area in the 30 m buffer zone was negatively correlated with sound level at a moderate intensity (r=-0.591).There was no significant correlation between the types of other landscape elements and the sound level.3) The existence of sound would affect people’s perception about landscape beauty and naturalness,but the behavior was opposite between the high and low visible green index landscapes,that is,the positive effect appeared in the high visible green index landscape while the negative effect occurred in the low visible green index group.Women’s perception of the soundscape was significantly higher than that of the men (higher score).4) Regardless of whether the visible green index of the landscape was high or low,the interviewee’s perception of the sound type and the audio-visual matching had a significant impact on the beauty and naturalness of the landscape,but the impact direction was different.