有机肥替代化肥对棉花生长性状、产量的影响

【目的】研究有机肥配施化肥影响棉花生长性状和产量。【方法】采用田间试验,以不施肥和无机复混肥为对照,研究化肥有机替代比例(20%、40%、100%)对棉花生长及产量的影响。【结果】不同生育时期,棉花株高、叶片数、SPAD值、茎粗以及棉花产量变化规律一致:T₅与T₁处理差异不显著,T₁、T₅分别与T₂、T₃、T₄处理差异显著。与无机肥处理(CF)比较,化肥减量20%下施用400 kg有机肥、化肥减量40%下施用800 kg有机肥处理,显著促进棉花生长、提高棉花产量。T₃、T₄处理棉花产量分别比空白处理(CK)增产27.70%、21.75%。【结论】有机肥配施化肥可以达到化肥减量、棉花增产的效果。

Effects of the Substitution for Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Manure on the Cotton growth character and Yield

【Objective】 To explore effects of the organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on the cotton growth character and yield.【Method】 The effects of the partial substitution for chemiacal fertilizer with organic manure (20%、40% or 100%) on the cotton growth character and yield was ananlyzed by field experiment,with no fertilizer (CK) and inorganic fertilizer (CF) as the control.【Results】 The change law of leaf number,plant height,stem diameter,SPAD value and yield at different growing periods of cotton is consistent:There was no significant difference between T₁ and T₅; The test of significance of difference between T₁ and T₂, T₃, T₄ was significant; The test of significance of difference between T₅ and T₂, T₃, T₄ was significant;Compared with CF, the treatments of reducing 20%、40% chemical fertilizer with organic manure could significantly promote cotton growth and increase cotton yield. The cotton yield of T₃ and T₄ was 27.70% and 21.75% higher than that of non-fertilization treatmemnt (CK) respectly.【Conclusion】 Organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer can reduce chemical fertilizer and increase cotton yield.