猪苓生长土壤中微生物区系初探

通过比较猪苓生长土壤与自然土壤（非猪苓生长土壤）中微生物区系，从猪苓生长土壤和自然土壤中各自分离得到6种主要类型的菌，猪苓生长土壤中细菌、纤维素分解菌和固氮菌的菌落数较多，霉菌次之，放线菌、酵母菌较少。自然土壤中细菌的菌落数较多，放线菌、酵母菌、霉菌次之，固氮菌和纤维素分解菌较少。猪苓生长土壤中纤维素分解菌的菌落数比自然土壤高3个数量级，固氮菌高2个数量级，霉菌高1个数量级，而放线菌、酵母菌和细菌则低1个数量级。而后又从2种土壤中各自分离纯化出5种已知的霉菌，分别为青霉属、交链孢霉属、毛霉属、根霉属、曲霉属，以及未鉴定出的其他霉菌，并且猪苓生长土壤中各霉菌数量都高于自然土壤，青霉属最为明显。猪苓生长土壤中合理的微生物比例，对猪苓人工种植产量和品质的提高均具有积极意义。

Primary Research on Microflora in Soil with Polyporus Growth

Microbes of Polyporus growth soil in Longnan basswood rbizospbere and campus soil were separated with different typos of microbial culture medium by dilution plate method. The results showed that there were six main types of microbes in Polyporus soil and natural soil. The colonies number of bacteria, cellulose decomposing bacteria and nitrogen - fixing bacteria were more, mould were less, actinomycete and yeast were the least in the Polyporus soil. However, the colonies number of bacteria were more, actinomycete, mould and yeast were less, nitrogen - fixing bacteria and cellulose decomposing bacteria were the least in natural soil. Compared with natural soil, the colonies number of cellulose decomposing bacteria in Polyporus soil were higher three orders of magnitude, nitrogen - fixing bacteria were two orders of magnitude, mould were one order of magnitude. The acti-nomycete, bacteria and yeast were lower one order of magnitude. Then, there were five known mould purify from the soil, such as Penicillium, Alteruaria, Mucor, Rhizopus, Aspergillus, and some unknown molds in Polyporu~ soil and natural soil. And the colonies number of mould in Polyporus growth soil were generally more than natural soil, the colonies number of penicillium were the most obvious in all. The reasonable colonies number in polyporus growth soil was very important for Polyporus artificial culti-vation, yield of enhance and quality of improvement.