Oak somatic and gametic embryos maturation is affected by charcoal and specific aminoacids mixture |
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Authors: | Beatriz Pintos Jose A Manzanera M Angeles Bueno |
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Institution: | 1. Forest Biotech Lab., INIA-CIFOR, A-6 Km 7,5, 28040, Madrid, Spain 2. Technical University of Madrid (UPM), ETSI Montes, Ciudad Universitaria, 8040, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract: | ? Development of both somatic and gametic embryogenesis has many applications in clonal forestry and genetic improvement, for instance as mass-propagation of genetically improved plants and production of pure lines through doubled-haploid plant regeneration from gametic embryos. ? The goal of this work was to improve growth, maturation and plantlet regeneration of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) embryos from both somatic and gametic origin. ? Activated charcoal promoted a significant increase in growth in terms of relative size and weight of both somatic and doubled-haploid embryos, as well as a more efficient control of secondary somatic embryogenesis during development. A significant interaction was also observed with amino acid nutrition. While some amino acids (i.e., glutamine, arginine or asparagine) did not show significant differences with the controls, a mixture of these three amino acids or gamma amino butyric acid stimulated embryo growth. The highest survival rate during acclimation of plantlets from both somatic and doubled-haploid origin was obtained when the embryos had been previously cultured on basal medium with 3% sucrose and 1% activated charcoal for two months at 4 °C and germinated on medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine and indole-3-butyric acid. ? We obtained more than 900 cork oak plantlets acclimated from several embryogenic lines, with a high survival rate, demonstrating that this methodology is applicable for large scale plantlet production. We also report the first regeneration of doubled-haploid plantlets in cork oak. |
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