微生物菌剂处理增加了生姜土壤中有益微生物的相对丰度

作物连作易导致土壤中病原菌大量积累, 促使土传病害频发, 影响作物生长?本试验采用微生物菌剂(富含哈茨木霉Trichoderma harzianum TH7?淡紫拟青霉Purpureocillium lilacinum PL22以及高效枯草芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilis)处理具有多年生姜种植历史的地块, 并采用分离培养法和宏基因组测序技术对处理后土壤中的微生物进行检测, 明确微生物菌剂对生姜土壤中微生物群落组成的影响?结果表明, 与对照相比, 微生物菌剂处理后, 土壤中细菌属和种的数量增加, 而真菌属和种的数量减少?从微生物菌剂处理后的土壤中分离出3个门水平, 24个属水平和42个种水平细菌, 以及3个门水平, 20个属水平和24个种水平真菌, 其中分离频率较高的细菌和真菌种分别为温哥华假单胞菌Pseudomonas vancouverensis和Musidium stromaticum?从未经微生物菌剂处理的土壤(对照)中分离出导致生姜茎基腐病的病原菌尖镰孢Fusarium oxysporum和腐皮镰孢 F. solani?宏基因组测序结果表明, 微生物菌剂处理对真菌多样性的影响大于对细菌?与对照相比, 微生物菌剂处理提高了土壤中根瘤菌属Rhizobium?假单胞菌属Pseudomonas?芽胞杆菌属Bacillus等细菌属及Musidium?被孢霉属Mortierella等真菌属物种的相对丰度?综上, 微生物菌剂处理增加了生姜土壤中细菌属和种的数量, 增加了土壤中与有益微生物相关的细菌和真菌的相对丰度, 并且抑制了病原菌的生长?

Treatment with microbial agents increases the relative abundance of beneficial microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil of ginger

Continuous cropping can easily lead to the accumulation of pathogens in soil, promote the frequent occurrence of soil-borne diseases and affect crop growth. In this study, the soil with many years of ginger-planting history was treated with a microbial agent riched in Trichoderma harzianum TH7, Purpureocillium lilacinum PL22 and Bacillus subtilis, and the microorganisms in the treated soil were detected by isolation and culture method and metagenomic sequencing to clarify the effect of the microbial agent on the composition of microbial community in the rhizosphere soil of ginger. The results showed that, compared with the control, the number of genera and species of bacteria in soil increased after treatment with the microbial agent, while the number of fungal genera and species decreased. Three bacteria at phyla level, 24 bacteria at genus level and 42 bacteria at species level were isolated from the soil, and three fungi at phyla level, 20 fungi at genus level and 24 fungi at species level were isolated from the soil treated with the microbial agent, among which the bacterial and fungal species with higher isolation frequency were Pseudomonas vancouverensis and Musidium stromaticum. Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani, which cause ginger stem rot, were isolated only from the control group. The results of metagenomic sequencing showed that the effect of the microbial agent on fungal diversity was greater than on bacterial diversity. Compared with the control, microbial agent increased the relative abundance of Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Musidium, and Mortierella. In conclusion, microbial agent increased the number of genera and species of bacteria, increased the relative abundance of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, and inhibited the growth of pathogen in the rhizosphere soil of ginger.