甘肃省牧草种子中杂草种子种类及多样性分析

为了提高甘肃省牧草种子品质，避免牧草种子中混杂杂草种子过多导致草场质量下降，对2019 —2022年甘肃省草原生态修复项目牧草种子中混杂的杂草种子进行物种鉴定及多样性分析。结果表明，供检牧草种子中混杂各类杂草24科102种。检出频次较高的杂草有26种，其中禾本科6种，藜科、蓼科杂草各4种。外来入侵物种野燕麦、反枝苋、刺苋及有毒杂草马先蒿、草地乌头需要重点监测和防控，以避免造成草地植物种群结构失衡、生态恶化、威胁家畜生存。检出杂草的生活型以草本植物为主，共98种，占牧草中全部杂草种类的96.1%；灌木仅4种，仅占牧草中全部杂草种类的3.9%。草本植物中，一年生杂草46种，多年生杂草38种，二年生杂草8种，一年生或多年生6种。

Identification and Diversity Analysis of Weed Seeds in Forage Seeds of Gansu Province

To improve the quality of forage seeds in Gansu Province and to avoid excessive mixed weed seeds causing potential decrease in restored grassland quality, species identification and diversity analysis of weed seeds mixed in the forage seeds used for Gansu Grassland Ecological Restoration Project from 2019 to 2022 were determined. Results showed that 102 species out of 24 families of mixed weed seeds were detected in the samples, among which 26 species of weeds were considered with high detection frequency, including 6 species from gramineae family, 4 species from chenopodiaceae family and 4 species from polygonaceae family. Monitoring and control of the exotic invasive species(Avena fatua L., Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Amaranthus spinosus L.) and poisonous weedsPedicularis resupinata L. and Conitum umbrosum (Korsh.) Kom.] needed to be focused to avoid potential imbalance in the population structure of grassland plants, ecological deterioration, and threats to the survival of livestock. The life forms of weeds detected were mainly herbaceous plants with a total of 98 species, accounting for 96.1% of all weed species in the samples. Only 4 species of shrubs were detected, accounting for only 3.9% of all weed species in the samples. Among herbaceous weeds, 46 species were annual, 38 species were perennial and 8 species were biennial, and 6 species were annual or perennial.