玉米无叶舌种质10H045对F1代植株叶片生长态势和产量的影响

以昌7-2和应用EMS对昌7-2诱变选育的无叶舌新种质—10H045为父本,以郑58、WX201620和WX201623表型差异显著的3个自交系为母本进行杂交,研究无叶舌种质10H045对F₁代植株叶片生长态势和产量的影响。结果表明,以10H045为父本杂交的F₁代,其茎叶夹角和叶向值均比以昌7-2为父本杂交的F₁代的植株要小,且差异显著;穗3叶以上的叶片上冲特性尤为突出,植株塔型结构明显,有利于提高杂交种产量。无叶舌种质10H045为父本的组合,其产量均比以昌7-2为父本的组合产量高,组合WX201623×10H045的产量最高,与其他组合产量差异达极显著水平。无叶舌种质10H045不但对后代株型结构有很大的改善作用,而且产量的一般配合力较高,是一个优异亲本。

Effect of Lacked Ligule Germplasm 10H045 on Leaf Growth Form and Yield of F1 Generation Plants in Maize

Chang7-2 and "10H045", a new germplasm of lacked ligule bred by Chang7-2 mutagenesis using EMS, were used as the male parent. Three inbred lines with significantly different phenotypes of Zheng 58, WX201620 and WX201623 were used as female parents for hybridization. Then to study the effect of lacked ligule germplasm 10H045 on leaf growth form and yield of F₁ generation plants in maize. The results showed that the F₁ generation with 10H045 as the paternal parent had smaller stem and leaf angle and leaf orientation value than that of the F₁ generation with Chang7-2 as the paternal parent. And the difference was significant. The upright growth characteristic was particularly evident in these leaves that above three leaves near the ear. The tower structure of the plant was obvious. It was beneficial to increase the yield of hybrids. The yield of the 10H045 paternal combination were higher than that of the Chang7-2 paternal combination. Among them, the yield of WX201623×10H045 was the highest. The difference reached an extremely significant level compared to other combinations. This study showed that lacked ligule germplasm 10H045 not only had a great improvement effect on the structure of descendant plant, but also had a higher general combining ability of yield. It was an excellent and ideal parent.