茶农生态茶园建设意愿影响因素实证研究——以安溪县为例

为了解我省茶农建设生态茶园的意愿，使用分层随机抽样的方法进行问卷调查，对安溪县181户茶农的调查结果发现，当地茶农茶园规模小而分散、生态建设跟不上、对生态茶园理解不够准确、建设能力不足，对生态茶园建设的决策谨慎，存在劳动力缺乏、资金不足等困难，进一步用logistic计量模型分析得知，生态茶园建设成本和生态茶园的收益对茶农生态茶园建设意愿的影响达到极显著水平，而生态茶园建设培训和生态茶园建设补贴力度对茶农生态茶园建设意愿的影响达到显著水平，相邻茶园生态情况对茶农生态茶园建设意愿也有较大影响。因此，可以通过加强茶园生态建设的培训与引导、组织连片建设与示范、优化补偿方式、提供专业服务以降低管理成本、以养代补提高收入预期等措施补偿生态茶园建设的外部性，激发茶农建设生态茶园的积极性，促进生态茶园的推广。

Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of Tea Farmers’ Construction Willingness for Ecological Tea Garden--Taking Anxi County as a Case

For understanding the constructing willingness for ecological tea garden, a total of 181 tea farmers from Anxi County had been studied through the stratified random sampling questionnaire survey. The results showed that their tea gardens were small and scattered, the ecological construction of tea garden was sluggish, the concept of ecological tea garden had not yet been accurately understood, the building capacity was insufficient, and the labor and funds were both lacked, so the decision on the construction of ecological tea garden was cautious. The further analysis via logistic measure models revealed that the construction costs and the earnings of ecological tea garden had extremely significant influenced on the willingness of the tea farmers, and the training and subsidies exerted significantly influence, the ecological situation of the adjacent tea gardens also had great effect. Therefore, the following effective measures were proposed to compensate the externality of ecological tea garden construction, arouse tea farmers’ enthusiasm of constructing ecological tea garden and promoting the dissemination of ecological tea garden：to strengthen the training and guidance, to implement whole construction and demonstration, to optimize the compensation mode, providing professional services to reduce management costs and improving revenue forecast by maintenance instead of subsidy.