Factors that accelerate dimethylamine formation in dark muscle of three gadoid species during frozen storage |
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Authors: | Toru Mizuguchi Keiko Kumazawa Shinya Yamashita Jon Safey |
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Institution: | (1) Sealord Group Ltd., 149 Vickerman Street, Nelson, 7040, New Zealand;(2) Central Research Laboratory, Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd., Hachioji Tokyo, 192-0906, Japan |
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Abstract: | We investigated factors that accelerate dimethylamine formation in gadoid dark muscle. The degradation rate of trimethylamine-N-oxide into dimethylamine and formaldehyde during frozen storage was compared between ordinary muscle and dark muscle from
walleye pollock, southern blue whiting, and hoki. Dimethylamine was generated faster in dark muscle than in ordinary muscle
in each species, and it was produced most abundantly in hoki dark muscle compared with the other two species. We investigated
the mechanism that caused dimethylamine to be generated more abundantly in dark muscle during frozen storage, and found that
the amount of dark muscle nonheme iron, which catalyzes trimethylamine-N-oxide degradation, was higher than that in ordinary muscle in each species, and hoki dark muscle in particular contained
the highest levels of nonheme iron among these three species. Moreover, dark muscle in all three fish species had a higher
taurine content (known to accelerate dimethylamine formation) than ordinary muscle. These data suggested two candidate factors,
namely nonheme iron and taurine, that may accelerate dimethylamine generation during frozen storage. In addition, gel filtration
results suggested that walleye pollock dark muscle contains as yet unidentified low-molecular-weight agents that stably accelerate
dimethylamine generation. |
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