低钙胁迫对不同品种花生钙素吸收分配特性的影响

为了明确不同品种花生的钙营养需求特性,以10个花生品种为试材,通过砂培盆栽试验研究了低钙胁迫对不同品种花生产量、生物量、农艺性状及钙素吸收分配、利用特性的影响。结果表明,低钙胁迫对绝大部分品种的花生分枝数无明显影响,但明显提高单仁果数和植株生物量,显著降低荚果及籽粒产量。不同花生品种植株茎叶、根系和果壳钙含量均表现为正常供钙处理显著高于低钙胁迫,但不同钙浓度处理间籽粒的钙含量无显著差异;低钙胁迫可提高茎叶和根系等营养体的钙分配率,降低钙素在果壳和籽粒等生殖体的分配率,且与果壳相比籽粒钙分配率降低幅度较大。不同品种的钙生产效率和钙干物质生产效率差异较大,钙素利用效率差异则相对较小;低钙胁迫显著降低不同花生品种钙素利用效率,但对各品种钙生产效率和钙干物质生产效率的影响因品种不同而异。

Effects of Low Ca Stress on the Characteristics of Calcium Absorption and Distribution of Different Peanut Cultivars

The effects of low Ca stress on yield,biomass,agronomic characters and calcium absorption,distribution and utilization of different peanut cultivars have been studied in the sand culture pot experiment in order to clarify the characteristics of calcium nutrition of peanuts.Ten cultivars of peanut were selected as experimental materials.The results showed that low Ca stress had no effect on the branch number of most varieties of peanut,but greatly improved single kernel pod number and plant biomass,significantly decreased pod yield and seed yield.Compared with those of the Ca40 group,all the calcium content of shoot,root and shell of different peanut varieties in Ca200 group were significantly higher,but it was no obvious effect on seed Ca content.Calcium distribution ratios of vegetative organ,such as shoot and root were improved by low Ca stress in different peanut varieties,those of reproductive organ,such as shell and seed were decreased,and the extent of reduction of calcium distribution ratios was higher in seed than in shell.Production efficiency and dry matter production efficiency of calcium showed relatively large difference with different peanut varieties,while the difference was slight of calcium utilization efficiency among varieties.The effects of low Ca stress on calcium production efficiency and calcium dry matter production efficiency of peanut were different with cultivars,but it had decreased significantly in calcium utilization efficiency of different varieties.