‘镇麦10号’与‘扬糯麦1号’生长发育和产量形成的差异研究

本试验比较了普通小麦‘镇麦10号’和糯质小麦‘扬糯麦1号’不同生育期的生育特性、茎蘖动态、叶片生理特性、干物质生产及转运特性以及产量形成的动态差异。结果发现:‘镇麦10号’和‘扬糯麦1号’的生育期差异较小;‘扬糯麦1号’单位面积茎蘖数较‘镇麦10号’多39.7%;‘扬糯麦1号’的花后叶片功能持续期较长,且SPAD和LAI较大;‘镇麦10号’的营养器官干物质运转量较多,‘扬糯麦1号’的营养器官对籽粒的贡献率较多,但两者总转运率相近;从产量构成看,‘扬糯麦1号’单位面积穗数和每穗粒数显著较‘镇麦10号’多,但千粒重较小;‘扬糯麦1号’和‘镇麦10号’的籽粒产量分别为7403.4kg/m2和6810.5kg/m2。通过比较普通小麦和糯质小麦生长发育及产量形成的差异,可以为不同应用条件下小麦栽培方式选择及品种选育提供理论依据。

Difference of growth,development and yield formation between the two wheat varieties‘ Zhenmai 10’ and‘ Yangnuomai 1 ’

This study compared the difference of development,tillering dynamic,leaf physiological characteristics,dry matter production and translocation and yield formation during different developmental stages between common wheat ‘Zhenmai 10’and waxy wheat ‘ Yangnuomai 1’.Our results showed that there was little difference in the developmental stage between ‘Zhenmai 10’and ‘ Yangnuomai 1 ’.The number of tillers per unit in ‘Yangnuomai 1’ was 39.7％ more than‘Zhenmai 10’.The leaf function after anthesis in ‘Yangnuomai 1’ lasted longer than that in‘Zhenmai 10’,and the SPAD and LAI were greater in Yannuomai 1 during the post-anthesis stage than that in ‘Zhenmai 10’.The amount of dry matter translocation in vegetation organ was greater in ‘ Zhenmai 1 ’,while the contribution rate of vegetation organ on grains was larger in ‘ Yangnuomai 1 ’.Generally,the rate of dry matter translocation was approximate in the two varieties.For yield component,the number of panicles per unit and grain numbers per panicle were significantly greater in ‘ Yangnuomai 1’ than that in ‘ Zhenmai 10,,while the 1000-grain weight was greater in ‘Zhenmai 10’.The final grain yields in ‘ Yangnuomai 1,and ‘ Zhenmai 10’ were 7403.4 kg/m2 and 6810.5 kg/m2,respectively.Comparing the difference of development,growth and yield formation between common wheat and waxy wheat can provide theoretical reference to wheat cultivation in different environment conditions,and benefit the wheat variety selection in the future.