中国北方珍珠的特征研究

以养殖8年产于辽宁的淡水无核养殖珍珠为研究对象,采用静水称重法、XRD、FTIR、XRF、氨基酸含量检测和SEM等方法研究其宝石学特征、成分特征和内部结构特征。结果表明,中国北方珍珠的颜色主要以白色、粉色和橙色为主,圆形类珍珠的最小直径范围为4~10 mm;中国北方珍珠的相对密度范围为2.704~2.734,组成主要为文石、并含有少量有机质以及Ca、Na、Mn、Si、Fe、Mg等微量元素,珍珠中18种氨基酸的含量总量为1.72 g/100 g;中国北方珍珠的内部结构为文石层堆叠的砖墙结构,文石层厚度从心部到边部逐渐变薄。

Characteristics Research of the North Pearl of China

The characteristics of gemmological, component and inner structure of the North Pearl of China which was produced from Liaoning province of China are investigated with the help of hydrostatic weighing method,X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,X-Ray fluorescence,the content of amino acid and scanning electron microscope. The colors of the North Pearl of China mostly are white,pink and orange,and measuring the minimum diameter of the circular class pearls shows that the range of diameter is 4 to 10 mm. The relative density is 2.704 to 2.734. The components of the North Pearl of China are aragonite and organic matrix and some microelement such as Ca﹑Na﹑Mn﹑Si﹑Fe﹑Mg and so on. Exactly,the aragonite is in a large proportion.Further studying the content of the 18 kinds of the amino acid shows that the total component is 1.72 g/100 g. The inner structure of the North Pearl of China is multi-concentric-layered that is characterized as a form of "brick wall″,and the thickness of the aragonite layers is gradually thinning from center to outside.