根际氧浓度对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响

为了探究设施园艺作物栽培时适宜的水气环境,采用水培试验,以河南四号和粉珍珠2个栽培番茄品种为研究对象,设置3个氧水平:低氧(0.5~2.0 mg/L)、正常氧(7.0~8.0 mg/L)和饱和氧(14.0~17.0 mg/L)处理,以不通气作为空白对照CK,研究根际不同氧浓度对番茄幼苗植株的形态生长、生物量、根系活力和光合色素的影响。结果表明,随着根际氧浓度的增加,番茄幼苗的长势越好,根系活力增加,但叶绿素含量降低。在处理末期,正常氧处理与饱和氧处理显著提高番茄幼苗的最长根长并增加番茄幼苗的干、鲜质量。其中,在18 d河南四号正常氧和饱和氧处理下总干质量比CK分别增加24.00%和74.86%,而低氧处理比CK降低3.43%;最长根长分别增加67.23%和230.55%,而低氧处理比CK降低1.63%。饱和氧处理下根系更发达健壮,地上部分长势更好,生物量积累最多。因此,在设施园艺栽培管理中,增加营养液中根际氧浓度有利于番茄生物量的积累,进而提高产量。

Effects of Oxygen Concentration in Rhizosphere on the Growth of Tomato Seedlings

To investigate the influence of oxygen concentrations in the root system on tomato development in hydroponics cultivation,two tomato cultivars,which called Henan 4 and Fenzhenzhu,were grown in nutrient solution under four dissolve oxygen (DO) concentrations,which were hypoxia (0.5-2.0 mg/L;Nitrogen treatment),normoxia (7.0-8.0 mg/L;Air treatment),supersaturate oxygen (14.0-17.0 mg/L;Oxygen treatment) and no aeration as control (6.4-1.2 mg/L).Plant biomass,root vitality,photosynthetic pigment contents and growth indexes were investigated at seedling stage.The result showed that with the increase of oxygen concentration, the growth of seedlings was better, and the root vitality of seedlings increased, but photosynthetic pigment contents reduced.Compared with CK, normoxia and saturated oxygen treatment significantly increased the longest root length and the dry and fresh quality of tomato seedlings at the end of treatment.On the 18th day, for the Henan 4 which compared with CK, the total dry weight increased 24.00% and 74.86% under normoxia and saturated oxygen treatment, respectively.And the longest root length increased 67.23% and 230.55%, respectively.However, the total dry weight reduced 3.43%, and the longest root length reduced 1.63% under hpoxia treatment.The roots and shoots were more flourishing and biomass were the highest under saturated oxygen, thus improving the oxygen concentration in rhizosphere could be beneficial to the growth and yield of tomato.