温度对甜樱桃花芽酚类物质含量和相关酶活性及休眠的影响

以7年生甜樱桃红灯(PrunusaviumL.cv.Hongdeng)带有花芽的离体枝条为试材,研究了不同温度对红灯花芽酚类物质含量、相关酶活性及萌芽率的影响。结果表明,不同温度处理对酚类物质含量影响效果不同,自然休眠前期低温(5℃)减缓了酚类物质的积累,中期提前达到其高峰并进入下降阶段,后期加速其降低;高温(20℃)则效果相反,变温(5℃/20℃)的效果不明显。自然休眠的不同时期,不同的温度处理对PAL和PPO活性的影响效果也不相同,低温(5℃)在休眠前期抑制PAL活性的增长而提高了PPO活性,中期使PAL活性迅速降低的同时却加速了PPO活性的升高;后期降低了PAL活性,提高了PPO活性。高温(20℃)的作用效果与低温(5℃)相反。变温(5℃/20℃)对PAL和PPO活性的影响效果不明显。低温(5℃)在自然休眠的3个阶段都能打破休眠促进萌发;高温(20℃)抑制了花芽的萌发;变温(5℃/20℃)对花芽的萌发影响不大。

Effects of temperature on the content of Phenolics and related enzyme activity in sweet cherry flower buds and dormancy

Experiment was conducted with 7-year-old trees of Hongdeng cultivar (Prunus avium L. cv. Hongdeng). The effect of temperature on phenolics content and bud break rate were analyzed and studied. Results showed that the effect of different temperature treatment on the content of phenolics and release of endodormancy in different period of endodormancy were different. Low temperature (5 ℃) treatment promoted the accumulation of phenolics at the primary stage of endodormancy, and made the phenolics content decreased earlier than that of control at the middle stage of endodormancy, and promoted the decreases of the content of phenolics; while the effect of high temperature (20 ℃) treatment was contrary to that of low temperature (5 ℃) .There were no obvious effects on the content of phenolics in flower buds after variable temperature (5 ℃/20 ℃) treatment. The effects of different temperature treatment on PAL and PPO activity were also different; at the early stage of endodormancy, low temperature (5 ℃) restrained PAL activity but accelerated the PPO activity raising, but made PAL activity decreased but raised the PPO activity in the middle of endodormancy, At the late stage of endodormancy, low temperature (5 ℃) made PAL activity decreased but raised the PPO activity. The effect of high temperature (20 ℃) was contrary to that of low temperature (5 ℃). There were no obvious effects after variable temperature (5 ℃/20 ℃) treatment. Low temperature (5 ℃) could break dormancy and made the bud break rate more than 50% during this three periods of dormancy. High temperature(20 ℃) inhibited the dormancy release, but the effects of variable temperature (5 ℃/20 ℃) were not obvious.