青藏高原高寒草甸草地资源环境及可持续发展研究

通过青藏高原地理位置、气侯条件和高寒草甸草地资源、生态环境现状及发展趋势的分析表明，草地生态结构不合理，经营管理水平落后，超载过牧、鼠虫危害、水土流失以及人类活动干扰是草地退化、生态环境恶化、阻碍草地畜牧业持续发展的主要因素。合理利用天然草地，优化草地生产结构，培育家育优良品种，开展季节畜牧业生产，建立稳产高产人工草地，并建立健全草地资源监测、预测预报和开展可持续发展的示范研究是防治草地退化，促进生态系统良性循环和提高草地畜牧业经济效益的有效途径。

THE STUDY OF GRASSLAND RESOURCE,ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONME NT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU

In this paper we analysed geographical location, climaticcondition, grassland resource, ecological environment and trend of deve-lopment in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.The results suggested that there are ecological structure of irratio-nal grassland, backward level of management and administration, over-grazing, rodent pest, serious soil erosion and manmade distribution, Alltbese are the main reasons of grassland degeneration, deterioration ofecological environment and hindering sustained development of animalhusbandry of grassland. According to abovementioned problems, we mustadopt strategies as follows: making rational utilization and protectionof natural grassland, optimum structure of production, breedding newvarities of animal husbandary, carrying out seasonal production of anim-al husbandry, setting up artifical grassland with stable and high produc-tion, superyising and determining grassland resource, and carrying outexample research of sustained development. All these are effective channels ofprevention and cure of grassland degeneration and of prompting economicbenefit of animal husbandry: