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Race-specific effects in major genic and polygenic resistance of barley to barley leaf rust in the field: identification and distinction
Authors:J. E. Parlevliet  A. Van Ommeren
Affiliation:(1) Plant Breeding Department (IvP), Agricultural University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
Abstract:Summary Six partially resistant spring barley cultivars were exposed to four barley leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) races in the field and in the greenhouse. The 24 cultivar-race combinations were tested in field plots of 1.5×1.5 m2 in two replications over two years. To reduce the interplot exchange of urediospores each plot was surrounded by winter rye.The level of barley leaf rust varied among cultivars, races and years. In both years the variance for cultivar-race interactions was highly significant and originating largely from the cultivar-race combinations Berac-22. Armelle-22, Armelle-A and Tyra-A. The Berac-22 interaction was towards higher, the other three interactions towards a lower level of barley leaf rust. The reduced rust levels of these three combinations were not due to interactions between the partial resistance of these cultivars and the aggressiveness of the races but to major genes for hypersensitivity not effective to the races 1-2-1 and F, common in Western Europe, but effective against the rare races 22 and A. This was revealed in the greenhouse experiments where all combinations had a susceptible infection type except Armelle-22, Armelle-A and Tyra-A, which showed low infection types in both the seedling and adult plant stages. The urediosori present in the field plots of these three combinations apparently arose from spores derived from other plots; this interplot interchange suggesting partial resistance.The interaction of lsquoBeracrsquo with race 22 truly was a small race-specific effect within the polygenic, partial resistance of barley to barley leaf rust like the one reported before between lsquoJuliarsquo and race 18.
Keywords:Hordeum vulgare  barley  Puccinia hordei  barley leaf rust  aggressiveness  hypersensitive resistance  horizontal resistance  major genic resistance  non-hypersensitive resistance  partial resistance  polygenic resistance  race-specific resistance  race-non-specific resistance  vertical resistance  virulence
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