贻贝贝壳承压性能及碎壳裂纹路径取向研究

为降低贻贝加工过程中的碎壳率,提升贻贝及相关贝类精加工产线的技术水平。以厚壳贻贝为研究对象,通过Thunk3D扫描仪逆向建模得到贻贝贝壳的三维模型,对贝壳模型进行静力学受力仿真,分析贝壳受力后形变位移的分布特点；使用拉压力试验机对贻贝贝壳进行整体曲面承压试验,计算得出贻贝贝壳的承压性能,结合仿真结果分析碎壳贻贝裂纹路径的取向特征。结果表明：在壳高方向受压力时,贝壳整体曲面平均极限承压载荷为550 N左右,极限载荷下最大形变为1.3 mm左右,承压性能约为3.12 MPa；裂纹延伸分布具有明显的取向性,60%以上的裂纹分布在沿贻贝壳长方向中轴± 20°范围内。贻贝贝壳承压性能和裂纹路径取向分布规律的确定,可为贻贝及相关贝类加工设备的施力结构优化提供重要参考。

Study on pressure bearing properties and crack path orientation of mussel shell

Taking the thick shell mussel as the research object, the three-dimensional model of mussel shell is obtained through the reverse modeling of Thunk3D scanner. The static stress simulation of the shell model is carried out to analyze the distribution characteristics of deformation and displacement of the shell after stress. The whole curved surface pressure bearing experiment of mussel shell is carried out by using the tensile pressure testing machine, and the pressure bearing performance of mussel shell is calculated. Combined with the simulation results, the orientation characteristics of crack path of broken mussel shell are analyzed. The results show that when the shell is under pressure in the high direction, the average ultimate bearing load of the overall surface of the shell is about 550 N, the maximum deformation under the ultimate load is about 1.3 mm, and the bearing performance is about 3.12 MPa; The crack extension distribution has obvious orientation, and more than 60% of the cracks are distributed in the range of ± 20 ° along the rectangular central axis of mussel shell. The determination of pressure bearing properties and crack path orientation distribution of mussel shell can provide an important reference for the optimization of force application structure of mussel and related shellfish processing equipment.